Inflammation is a complex pathological condition associated with exaggerated human immune system involving various activated immune cells and bio-molecules. Treatment of inflammatory diseases particularly chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease etc. has been a big challenge for scientists as there are no safe drugs available for cure. Current therapeutic approaches to the treatment of inflammatory diseases are centered on cycloxygenase (both COX-1 and 2) proinflammatory enzymes but present available drugs of this category are associated with undesirable gastrointestinal and cardiovascular side effects. Recent scientific advents draw out the secrets of inflammation cache and understanding the involvement of several factors acting as stimulators or inhibitors thus opening new avenues for drug discoveries. Several bio-molecules such as proinflammatory cytokines, components of signal transduction and matrix degrading enzymes resolve inflammatory responses, might be new targets for treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. This review gathers recent advances in drug research focusing interleukin-1, TNF-alpha, p38 kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase MAP kinase, NFkappaB, and matrix metalloproteinases. The biological roles of these inflammatory mediators are clearly understood thus offering new targets for design of novel inhibitors for incurable inflammatory diseases. This also provides an overview of the current nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161206777698945 | DOI Listing |
Pediatr Rheumatol Online J
January 2025
Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Seattle Children's Hospital, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.
Background: NSAIDs are commonly used as first line therapy in chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) but are not effective for all patients. The objective of this study was to identify clinical variables associated with NSAID monotherapy response versus requiring second-line medication in a single-center cohort of patients with CNO.
Methods: The charts of children with CNO who attended a CNO clinic at a quaternary care center between 1/1/05 and 7/31/21 were retrospectively reviewed.
BMC Gastroenterol
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, No. 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen, 361003, China.
Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. The pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) has been proposed as a biomarker for assessing immune status and inflammation. There is currently no evidence regarding the effect of PIV on the risk of MASLD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Med
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterology and Medical Research Center, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, SanHao Street No. 36, HePing District, Shenyang, 110000, Liaoning, China.
The lack of knowledge about the mechanism of hyperoxia-induced intestinal injury has attracted considerable attention, due to the potential for this condition to cause neonatal complications. This study aimed to explore the relationship between hyperoxia-induced oxidative damage and ferroptosis in intestinal tissue and investigate the mechanism by which hyperoxia regulates inflammation through ferroptosis. The study systematically evaluated the effects of hyperoxia on oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, ferroptosis, and inflammation of intestinal epithelial cells both in vitro and in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Neurosci
January 2025
Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
Microglia/macrophages participate in the development of and recovery from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), and the macrophage M1 (pro-inflammatory)/M2 (anti-inflammatory) phase transition is involved in EAE disease progression. We evaluated the efficacy of crisdesalazine (a novel microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 inhibitor) in an EAE model, including its immune-regulating potency in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, and its neuroprotective effects in a macrophage-neuronal co-culture system. Crisdesalazine significantly alleviated clinical symptoms, inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration and demyelination in the spinal cord, and altered the phase of microglial/macrophage and regulatory T cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Nephrol
January 2025
Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Background: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is estimated to be about 13.4% worldwide. Studies have shown that CKD accounts for up to 2% of the health cost burden.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!