Recent publications have proposed that nucleation in the freezing of supercooled drops occurs at the drop surface, an idea supported by statistical thermodynamic arguments by Cahn [J. Chem. Phys. 1977, 66, 3667] coupled with thermodynamic arguments by Tabazadeh et al. [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2002, 99, 15873]. Whether this phenomenon is general is examined by molecular dynamics simulations of the freezing of deeply supercooled liquid clusters of SeF6. It is found for this model system that while nucleation occurs not infrequently at the surface, it more often takes place in the interior. The probability for surface nucleation increases with the depth of supercooling. How this relates to theories of Cahn and Tabazadeh et al. is discussed briefly.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp058098x | DOI Listing |
Quant Plant Biol
September 2024
Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
Ion homeostasis is a crucial process in plants that is closely linked to the efficiency of nutrient uptake, stress tolerance and overall plant growth and development. Nevertheless, our understanding of the fundamental processes of ion homeostasis is still incomplete and highly fragmented. Especially at the mechanistic level, we are still in the process of dissecting physiological systems to analyse the different parts in isolation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEntropy (Basel)
November 2024
Institute of Fundamental and Applied Research, National Research University TIIAME, Kori Niyoziy 39, Tashkent 100000, Uzbekistan.
In this work, we have studied the thermodynamic properties of the Van der Waals black hole in the framework of the relativistic Kaniadakis entropy. We have shown that the black hole properties, such as the mass and temperature, differ from those obtained by using the the Boltzmann-Gibbs approach. Moreover, the deformation κ-parameter changes the behavior of the Gibbs free energy via introduced thermodynamic instabilities, whereas the emission rate is influenced by κ only at low frequencies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev E
November 2024
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genova, Italy and I.N.F.N.-Sezione di Genova, via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genova, Italy.
We use advances in the formalism of boost agnostic passive fluids to constrain transport in polar active fluids, which are subsequently described by the Toner-Tu equations. Acknowledging that the system fundamentally breaks boost symmetry, we compel what were previously entirely phenomenological parameters in the Toner-Tu model to satisfy precise relationships among themselves. Consequently, we propose a thermodynamic argument to determine the scalings of the transport coefficients under dynamical renormalization group flow given that the scaling of the noise correlator is exact, as has been supported numerically.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
December 2024
Biospheric Theory and Modelling Group, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany.
Extreme precipitation events are projected to intensify with global warming, threatening ecosystems and amplifying flood risks. However, observation-based estimates of extreme precipitation-temperature (EP-T) sensitivities show systematic spatio-temporal variability, with predominantly negative sensitivities across warmer regions. Here, we attribute this variability to confounding cloud radiative effects, which cool surfaces during rainfall, introducing covariation between rainfall and temperature beyond temperature's effect on atmospheric moisture-holding capacity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
November 2024
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
The observed temperature record, which combines sea surface temperatures with near-surface air temperatures over land, is crucial for understanding climate variability and change. However, early records of global mean surface temperature are uncertain owing to changes in measurement technology and practice, partial documentation, and incomplete spatial coverage. Here we show that existing estimates of ocean temperatures in the early twentieth century (1900-1930) are too cold, based on independent statistical reconstructions of the global mean surface temperature from either ocean or land data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!