AI Article Synopsis
- Angiogenesis involves a series of steps where endothelial cells sprout from existing blood vessels and form tubes, with copper playing a crucial role in this process.
- Tetrathiomolybdate (TM) acts as an antiangiogenic agent by reducing copper levels, affecting multiple pathways that regulate angiogenesis.
- The study found that TM specifically inhibited bFGF-induced sprout formation while not affecting VEGF-induced sprouting, highlighting distinct mechanisms behind these two angiogenic signals.
Article Abstract
Background: Angiogenesis is a multi-step process which involves endothelial cell sprouting from existing blood vessels, followed by migration, proliferation, alignment and tube formation. Tetrathiomolybdate (TM) is a multi-hit antiangiogenic agent with actions against multiple angiogenic pathways. These inhibitory effects of TM are attributed to its potent copper level-reducing property. Copper is needed for activation of various angiogenic pathways at the transcriptional and protein levels.
Materials And Methods: The direct effects of TM on angiogenesis of endothelial cells were examined using an in vitro sprout-forming system.
Results: It was shown that depletion of copper by TM selectively repressed bFGF-induced, but not VEGF-induced sprout formation (an early angiogenic step).
Conclusion: This model permitted the separation of VEGF- and bFGF- induced early angiogenesis in vitro, and indicated the existence of mechanistic differences between bFGF- and VEGF- induced early angiogenic events.
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