Alcoholism is the main etiological factor of hepatic cirrhosis among adults whereas among children the following pathologies lead to hepatic cirrhosis: bile ducts disease (atresia or hypoplasia of bile ducts, progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis), metabolic disorders (tyrosinemia, hemochromatosis, galactosemia, alpha1 - antitrypsin deficiency, Wilson's disease), chronic viral hepatitis B, delta, C, autoimmune hepatitis. Despite the availability of modern diagnostic methods scanty clinical symptomatology may be a cause of late diagnosis, often in the stage of complications. Presented case of a 14 years old boy is an example of late diagnosis of cryptogenic hepatic cirrhosis.
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Background & Aims: This systematic literature review of qualitative findings aims to identify the perceived barriers and enablers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance from patient and clinician perspectives.
Methods: A systematic search of databases using key term combinations with the following inclusion criteria: 1) qualitative and quantitative (survey) studies exploring barriers and enablers of HCC surveillance, and 2) qualitative and quantitative (survey) studies exploring barriers and enablers of enagagement in clinical care for patients with cirrhosis and/or viral hepatitis.
Results: The search returned 445 citations: 371 did not meet the study criteria and were excluded.
Medicine (Baltimore)
January 2025
Jumei Doctor Group Medical (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China.
Rationale: Current research on antiviral treatment in children is relatively limited, especially in children under 1 year old.
Patient Concerns: Liu XX, an 8-month-old infant (case number: 3001120473), presented to the hospital in August 2016 with a chief complaint of being "hepatitis B surface antigen positive for 8 months and experiencing abnormal liver function for 5 months."
Diagnoses: The patient was diagnosed as chronic hepatitis B cirrhosis (G3S3-4) with active compensatory phase.
Viral Immunol
January 2025
Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Muang, Thailand.
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection poses a major health risk worldwide, with patients susceptible to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This study focuses on the development of effective therapeutic strategies for HCV infection through the investigation of immunogenic properties of a DNA construct based on the NS3/4A gene of HCV genotype (g)3a. Gene expression of the mutagenized (mut) NS3/4A target genes was assessed through reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Dev Pathol
January 2025
Prism Pediatric Gastro, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
Indian childhood cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease in infants and children. Indian childhood cirrhosis is unique to the Indian subcontinent and occurs from 6 months to 5 years of age. We report 2 cases in a period of 5 years, including 1 male and 1 female.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAliment Pharmacol Ther
January 2025
School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Background And Aims: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) have demonstrated long-term liver benefits in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, no direct comparison between these therapies has been conducted. This study aimed to compare major adverse liver outcomes (MALOs) between GLP-1 RAs and SGLT2is in patients with MASLD and T2D.
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