The present study aimed at validating a computerized mental rotation task developed for use in functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies. Eighty-three females and 74 males completed the computerized task, two pencil-and-paper tests of mental rotation, and reported their high school grades in mathematics, English, and history. The computerized task involved the presentation of pairs of three-dimensional stimuli that differed in orientation by 0, 40, 80, 120, or 160 degrees. Results showed significant gender differences in favor of males in the three main tasks, although gender interacted with angle of rotation in the computerized task. Evidence for concurrent validity was obtained in the form of significant correlations between performance on tasks relevant to mental rotation (paper and pencil tests and mathematics grades), whereas discriminant validity was demonstrated by a lack of correlation with tasks deemed irrelevant to mental rotation (English and history grades). These findings support the use of our computerized mental rotation task as a valid measure of mental rotation abilities in fMRI studies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13803390591004310 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Breast Surgery, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 89, Heshan Road, Fu'an, 355000, Fujian Province, China.
Granulomatous mastitis (GM) poses challenges in diagnosis and treatment due to its similarities with other breast diseases like cancer. The comparative study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a vacuum-assisted biopsy device with minimally invasive excisions compared to traditional wide local excisions. The vacuum-assisted biopsy device technique offers benefits such as precise tissue removal, reduced damage to healthy tissue, shorter surgery and recovery times, and lower postoperative complication risks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Orthop Relat Res
January 2025
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Background: Deficient internal rotation after shoulder arthroplasty can inhibit specific essential activities of daily living that require behind-the-back arm positioning. Although postoperative internal rotation deficits occur, their impact on outcomes of total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) is not well established. Previous authors have validated the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) as a patient-reported assessment of acceptable outcomes of TSA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open
December 2024
The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
Introduction: Prone positioning with head rotation can influence cerebral haemodynamics, potentially affecting cerebral perfusion and oxygenation. Elderly patients with impaired brain perfusion and oxygenation are at an increased risk of developing postoperative delirium (POD). Despite this, few studies have explored whether head orientation during prone positioning contributes to POD in older adults, an aspect often overlooked by clinicians.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDev Sci
March 2025
University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia.
There are contentious and persistent gender differences reported in some measures of spatial skills, particularly mental rotation and, to a lesser extent, perspective-taking, which may have an impact on mathematics success. Furthermore, pathways between spatial skills and mathematics may be mediated by other cognitive factors, such as fluid reasoning. Participants (N = 320, age range 8-12 years) completed measures of mental rotation, perspective-taking, fluid reasoning, and mathematics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Psychol
December 2024
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
Aim: In this study, we examined gender differences in fraction learning and explored potential underlying mechanisms.
Methods: The mediating effects of spatial ability and mathematical anxiety on gender differences in fraction learning were tested in elementary school students. A total of 165 sixth-grade students (83 girls) from public elementary schools participated in the study.
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