Although clinical judgment is often used in assessment and treatment planning, rarely has research examined its reliability, validity, or impact in practice settings. This study tailored the frequency of home visits in a prevention program for aggressive- disruptive children (n = 410; 56% minority) on the basis of 2 kinds of clinical judgment: ratings of parental functioning using a standardized multi-item scale and global assessments of family need for services. Stronger reliability and better concurrent and predictive validity emerged for the 1st kind of clinical judgment than for the 2nd. Exploratory analyses suggested that using ratings of parental functioning to tailor treatment recommendations improved the impact of the intervention by the end of 3rd grade but using more global assessments of family need did not.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.74.3.468 | DOI Listing |
J Patient Saf
November 2024
From the The Doctors Company, Chagrin Falls, Ohio.
Objectives: The aims of the study were to identify the characteristics of medication-related malpractice claims occurring in the ambulatory setting across 2 time periods.
Methods: A retrospective, descriptive study was used. Ambulatory medication-related closed malpractice events from loss years of 2011-2021 were analyzed.
J Craniofac Surg
January 2025
Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Objective: There is a lack of comprehensive comparative evidence regarding the effectiveness, intraoperative management, and safety of different surgical procedures for treating nonsyndromic sagittal synostosis. This study aims to evaluate existing clinical studies to provide evidence-based guidance for clinical practice.
Methods: The authors performed a comprehensive search of 5 databases up to August 2024.
J Cogn
January 2025
Institute for Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
The question we addressed in the current study is whether the mere prospect of monetary reward gain affects subjective time perception. To test this question, we collected trial-based confidence reports in a task where participants made categorical decisions about probe durations relative to the reference duration. When there was a potential to gain a monetary reward, the duration was perceived to be longer than in the neutral condition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Med Educ
January 2025
Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China.
Introduction: Artificial intelligence technology has a wide range of application prospects in the field of medical education. The aim of the study was to measure the effectiveness of ChatGPT-assisted problem-based learning (PBL) teaching for urology medical interns in comparison with traditional teaching.
Methods: A cohort of urology interns was randomly assigned to two groups; one underwent ChatGPT-assisted PBL teaching, while the other received traditional teaching over a period of two weeks.
Pharmacoeconomics
January 2025
Belgian Health Care Knowledge Centre, Brussels, Belgium.
Background: Forecasting future public pharmaceutical expenditure is a challenge for healthcare payers, particularly owing to the unpredictability of new market introductions and their economic impact. No best-practice forecasting methods have been established so far. The literature distinguishes between the top-down approach, based on historical trends, and the bottom-up approach, using a combination of historical and horizon scanning data.
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