Perhaps the greatest mystery surrounding dinosaurs concerns whether they were endotherms, ectotherms, or some unique intermediate form. Here we present a model that yields estimates of dinosaur body temperature based on ontogenetic growth trajectories obtained from fossil bones. The model predicts that dinosaur body temperatures increased with body mass from approximately 25 degrees C at 12 kg to approximately 41 degrees C at 13,000 kg. The model also successfully predicts observed increases in body temperature with body mass for extant crocodiles. These results provide direct evidence that dinosaurs were reptiles that exhibited inertial homeothermy.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0040248 | DOI Listing |
Environ Res
January 2025
Department of Civil, Environmental, & Architectural Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, United States. Electronic address:
The growing impact of climate change and escalating wildfire seasons has led to heightened ambient air pollution, potentially affecting children's sleep health. However, current epidemiological research often relies on outdoor weather data to model the environmental impacts on sleep health, potentially mischaracterizing the actual bedroom environment. To address these challenges, we conducted experiments to investigate the relationships among ambient, indoor, and personal exposure to PM concentrations and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Therm Biol
January 2025
General Surgery, Department of Anesthesiology and Operating Room, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Electronic address:
Objective: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a common procedure for gallbladder diseases, but many patients experience shoulder pain due to pneumoperitoneum. This study investigates the comparative effectiveness of warm carbon dioxide gas insufflation versus local heat application in reducing shoulder pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We also examined changes in body temperature during surgery and postoperative shivering in the intervention and control groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultimed Man Cardiothorac Surg
January 2025
• Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany • Congenital Cardiac Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Munich, Germany • European Pediatric Heart Center EKHZ Munich, Munich, Germany.
This procedure is carried out via a full sternotomy using standard aortic and bicaval cannulations. For the aortic and pulmonary anastomoses, selective antegrade unilateral cerebral perfusion is used after cooling the body temperature to 26 °Celsius. A 12-mm Hancock conduit is interposed between the pulmonary artery and the proximal descending aorta using standard running suture techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol
January 2025
Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, New York, USA.
An animal's body mass is said to be indirectly related to its rate of heat loss; that is, smaller animals with higher surface area to volume tend to lose heat faster than larger animals. Thus, thermoregulation should be related to body size, however, generalizable patterns are still unclear. Domestic dogs are a diverse species of endothermic mammals, including a 44-fold difference in body size.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Surg
January 2025
Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Objective: To determine the impact of prolonged storage of donor lungs at 10°C of up to 24h on outcome after lung transplantation.
Background: An increasing body of evidence suggests 10°C as the optimal storage temperature for donor lungs. A recent study showed that cold ischemic times can be safely expanded to >12h when lungs are stored at 10°C.
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