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Deciphering the involvement of norepinephrine and β-adrenergic receptor subtypes in glucose induced insulin secretion: an integrated and exploration using isolated pancreatic islets of C57BL/6J mice.
J Recept Signal Transduct Res
December 2024
Father George Albuquerque Pai Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, St Aloysius (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru, Karnataka, India.
Regulating insulin production by pancreatic beta cells is crucial for maintaining metabolic balance. Previous studies observed elevated neurotransmitter levels, like norepinephrine (NE), in metabolic syndrome mice with impaired insulin secretion. Given the therapeutic potential of β-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) for diabetes and obesity, and the lack of structural data on murine β-ARs, we aimed to construct and validate 3D models to investigate their roles in insulin secretion regulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStress and obesity signaling converge on CREB phosphorylation to promote pancreatic cancer.
Mol Cancer Res
December 2024
University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
One of the deadliest types of cancer is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Chronic stress and obesity are recognized as risk factors for PDAC. We hypothesized that the combination of stress and obesity strongly promotes pancreatic cancer development and growth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of isoproterenol, a β-adrenergic agonist, on the differentiation of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells.
Exp Cell Res
November 2024
Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology (AMIST), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brain Korea 21 Project, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Research on islet replacement through the differentiation of functionally matured insulin-producing β-like cells for the treatment of diabetes presents a significant challenge. Neural signals in β cell differentiation significantly impact the pancreatic microenvironment in glucose metabolism, but they are not fully understood. In this study, isoproterenol, a β adrenoreceptor agonist, was introduced into pancreatic progenitor cells, derived from human pluripotent stem cells in vitro, undergoing endocrine differentiation, using 2-dimensional (2D) and 3-dimensional (3D) differentiation protocols.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of dexamethasone on the EC50 of remifentanil combined with dexmedetomidine achieving analgesia during pancreatic extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy: a prospective, randomized and controlled study.
BMC Anesthesiol
October 2024
Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the analgesic effects of a single preoperative dose of dexamethasone on the effective concentration of remifentanil during a specific medical procedure (P-ESWL) in 60 patients.
- Results indicated that the group receiving dexamethasone needed a significantly lower dose of remifentanil compared to the placebo group (2.02 ng/mL vs 2.65 ng/mL), suggesting enhanced pain relief with dexamethasone.
- Both groups showed similar hemodynamic parameters, but the placebo group experienced notable decreases in blood pressure and heart rate, and fewer adverse events were reported in the dexamethasone group.
Dexmedetomidine alleviates CoCl2-induced hypoxic cellular damage in INS-1 cells by regulating autophagy.
Korean J Anesthesiol
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Article Synopsis
- Ischemia-reperfusion injury during surgery can damage pancreatic cells, and autophagy, which is a cell's self-repair mechanism, plays a significant role in this process, especially under hypoxic conditions.
- This study investigates how dexmedetomidine, a sedative, impacts pancreatic β-cell health by regulating autophagy when exposed to hypoxia induced by cobalt chloride.
- Results show that dexmedetomidine helps protect these cells by reducing harmful autophagy levels and preventing cell death, suggesting it could have potential therapeutic benefits worth exploring further in clinical settings.
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