AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
A detailed analysis is presented of the ways in which control by the negative stimulus in two-comparison conditional discriminations may be expected to affect the outcome of tests for the properties of equivalence relations. Control by the negative stimulus should produce the following results: (a) no observable effect on symmetry tests; (b) reflexivity test results should look like "oddity" rather than "identity"; and (c) transitivity tests that involve an odd number of nodes should yield results that are 100% opposite to tests that involve an even number of nodes. The analysis also considers the effects of variation in the type of comparison-stimulus control between and within baseline conditional discriminations. Methods are suggested for experimentally regulating the type of control, and for verifying the predictions that the analysis generates. If suggested experiments continue to support the analysis, investigators who use two-comparison conditional discriminations to study equivalence relations will either have to control explicitly whether the positive or the negative comparison governs their subjects' choices, or they will have to abandon two comparisons and use three or more comparisons instead.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1322122 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1992.58-183 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Exploration of Secondary Metabolites in (L.) Using Ethyl Acetate Extract and Its Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Larvicidal Activities.
Toxics
January 2025
Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, School of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
Recently, there has been a growing demand for plant-based products to treat a range of health conditions. (L.), a member of the Lamiaceae family, is widely known for its versatile therapeutic properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfluence of Hospital Bed Count on the Positioning of Cardiovascular Interventional Radiology (IR) Nurses: Online Questionnaire Survey of Japanese IR-Specialized Radiological Technologists.
Nurs Rep
January 2025
Occupational Health Training Center, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan.
Background/objectives: Interventional radiology (IR) utilizing X-rays can lead to occupational radiation exposure, posing health risks for medical personnel in the field. We previously conducted a survey on the occupational radiation exposure of IR nurses in three designated emergency hospitals in Japan. Our findings indicated that a hospital with 214 beds showed a higher lens-equivalent dose than hospitals with 678 and 1182 beds because the distance between the X-ray irradiation field and the IR nurse's position of the hospital with 214 beds was shorter than those of 678 and 1182 beds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Group-Algebraic Formalism of Quantum Probability and Its Applications in Quantum Statistical Mechanics.
Entropy (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Physics and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Condensed Matter Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
We show that the theory of quantum statistical mechanics is a special model in the framework of the quantum probability theory developed by mathematicians, by extending the characteristic function in the classical probability theory to the quantum probability theory. As dynamical variables of a quantum system must respect certain commutation relations, we take the group generated by a Lie algebra constructed with these commutation relations as the bridge, so that the classical characteristic function defined in a Euclidean space is transformed to a normalized, non-negative definite function defined in this group. Indeed, on the quantum side, this group-theoretical characteristic function is equivalent to the density matrix; hence, it can be adopted to represent the state of a quantum ensemble.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluating accuracy and reproducibility of large language model performance on critical care assessments in pharmacy education.
Front Artif Intell
January 2025
Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Augusta, GA, United States.
Background: Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on medical licensing and diagnosis-related exams. However, comparative evaluations to optimize LLM performance and ability in the domain of comprehensive medication management (CMM) are lacking. The purpose of this evaluation was to test various LLMs performance optimization strategies and performance on critical care pharmacotherapy questions used in the assessment of Doctor of Pharmacy students.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness, often progressing asymptomatically until significant vision loss occurs. Early detection is crucial for preventing irreversible damage. The pupillary light reflex (PLR) has proven useful in glaucoma diagnosis, and mobile technologies like the AI-based smartphone pupillometer (AI Pupillometer) offer a promising solution for accessible screening.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!