THREE FACTORS CHARACTERISTIC OF EXPERIMENTAL SETTINGS WERE HYPOTHESIZED TO INFLATE ARTIFACTUALLY THE RELIABILITY OF OBSERVATIONAL RECORDINGS: (a) knowledge by observers of when and by whom their reliability is being assessed, (b) the absence of the experimenter or a monitor to prevent cheating, and (c) computation of reliability within- (versus between-) observer group. Three groups of four observers used a standard nine-category observational code for disruptive behavior in recording from videotapes of a classroom for 22 days. Analyses revealed considerable increases in average occurrence reliability as a function of the main effects of each of the experimental factors. The specific increases in reliability associated with each of the 12 combinations of the experimental factors are presented for each category of behavior. The possible role of observer-training procedures and behavioral definitions as determiners of nonartifactual reliability is discussed.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1311188 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1901/jaba.1977.10-317 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Background: Clinical trial sponsors rely on research sites to identify and enroll appropriate study participants and to correctly and reliably assess symptom severity and function over the course of the trial. Low-recruiting sites represent a large financial and operational burden and may negatively impact trial success either by selecting inappropriate participants and/or high prevalence of data quality issues. We previously reported that >60% of sites in schizophrenia clinical trials recruited ≤5 participants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease associated with neuroinflammation and heightened production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the brain from overactive NADPH Oxidase 2 (NOX2). The current study examines whether administration of a novel, brain-penetrant NOX2 inhibitor (CPP11G & CPP11H) reduces amyloid plaque load and improves AD-associated vascular dysfunction in a male APP-PS1 mouse model of AD.
Method: Intraperitoneal injections of CPP11G (n = 1) or CPP11H (n = 2) three times per week began at 9-10 months of age in the treatment APP-PS1 group (15 mg/kg).
Drug Development.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Center for Health + Technology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
Background: To bolster clinical trial infrastructure, there is a need to develop novel, valid, and reliable patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures capable of tracking clinically-relevant changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and dementia over time. This research describes the development and validation of the Alzheimer's Disease-Health Index (AD-HI) as a tool to measure how patients feel and function in response to therapeutic intervention.
Method: We previously conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews and a national cross-sectional study with individuals with AD, MCI and dementia to ascertain the most prevalent and impactful symptoms identified by the participants.
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical trials led to the recent successes with monoclonal antibodies targeting amyloid, which opens up many new directions for research into treatment for AD in the future. Gaining greater understanding from these successes and failures will help researchers to focus their efforts on avenues that have the highest potential benefit.
Method: We performed a meta-analysis of over a hundred studies of 70+ AD treatments.
Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Neurobehavioral Systems, Inc, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Background: Paper-and-pencil neuropsychological tests have traditionally been considered the "gold standard" for clinical testing in AD/ADRD, but they have significant limitations: They are time-consuming, costly to administer, vulnerable to examiner bias and error, and unavailable to some patients due to location, transportation challenges, and cost. Manual tests also fail to comprehensively analyze many aspects of test performance. Computerized neuropsychological test batteries have been developed to address these shortcomings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!