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Effectiveness and Safety of Short-term Regimen for Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis Treatment: A Systematic Review of Cohort Studies.
Oman Med J
January 2022
School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia.
This systematic review explores the effectiveness and safety of a short-term regimen (STR) in treating multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). We use several cohort studies which were searched using standardized Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The keywords were used based on problem, intervention, comparison, and outcome consisted of MDR-TB and STR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHow Safe are Fluoroquinolones for Diabetic Patients? A Systematic Review of Dysglycemic and Neuropathic Effects of Fluoroquinolones.
Ther Clin Risk Manag
October 2021
Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Introduction: The US Food and Drug Administration issued safety warnings about neuropathy in 2013 and dysglycemia in 2018 caused by fluoroquinolone use, mainly based on case reports and case series. We conducted this systematic review to evaluate the safety of fluoroquinolones in diabetic patients by investigating their dysglycemic and neuropathic effects.
Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched for randomized controlled trials and observational studies published from inception till September 2019 evaluating the safety of fluoroquinolones.
Fluoroquinolones suppress gluconeogenesis by inhibiting fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase in primary monkey hepatocytes.
Toxicol In Vitro
June 2020
Medicinal Safety Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-16-13 Kita-Kasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-8630, Japan. Electronic address:
Dysglycemia is one of the most serious adverse events associated with the clinical use of certain fluoroquinolones. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the representative fluoroquinolones moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin on hepatic gluconeogenesis using primary monkey hepatocytes. Glucose production was induced after the cells were incubated for 4 h with 10 mM sodium lactate and 1 mM sodium pyruvate as gluconeogenic substrates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGatifloxacin for short, effective treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
September 2016
Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
The 9-month regimen for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) piloted in Bangladesh and used, with modifications, in Cameroon and Niger, has achieved treatment success in a very large proportion of patients; gatifloxacin (GFX) is likely to have played a critical role in this success. Two months after the publication of a study reporting that GFX and not moxifloxacin (MFX) was associated with dysglycaemia, the manufacturer announced the withdrawal of GFX from the market. The findings of that study may have less significance for the majority of MDR-TB patients living in high-incidence countries who are much younger, have a lower risk of dysglycaemia and suffer from a highly fatal condition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA four-month gatifloxacin-containing regimen for treating tuberculosis.
N Engl J Med
October 2014
From the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London (C.S.M., K.F., C.S.), and Tropical Projects, Hitchin (J.H.) - both in the United Kingdom; Service de Pneumo-phtisiologie, Hôpital Ignace Deen, Conakry, Guinea (O.B.S., B.B.); Centre National Hospitalier de Pneumo-phtisiologie, Cotonou, Benin (M.G., F.K.); Programme National de Lutte contre la Tuberculose, Dakar, Senegal (M.B.L., A.N.); Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa (T.M., R.R.); Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi (J.O., E.A.); Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium (B.C.J.); Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ile-de-France Ouest, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris (C.P.), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Marseille (O.L., C.L.) - both in France; and Special Program for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva (P.L.O.).
Article Synopsis
- A phase 3 trial aimed to shorten tuberculosis treatment by testing a 4-month regimen with gatifloxacin against a standard 6-month regimen including ethambutol, focusing on patients with rifampin-sensitive pulmonary TB in sub-Saharan Africa.
- The study involved 1836 patients and evaluated the frequency of unfavorable outcomes, like treatment failure or death, 24 months post-treatment, finding a 3.5 percentage point higher risk in the 4-month group compared to the standard regimen.
- Results showed variability among different countries, indicating that the effectiveness of the treatment may differ based on local factors such as baseline health status and body mass index.
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