Astrocytic provision of lactate provision to neurons may be a critical indicator of substrate fuel availability in metabolic sensing sites in the brain, including the hindbrain dorsal vagal complex. We examined the hypothesis that vagal complex monocarboxylate transporter protein levels are gender dependent and estrogen dependent, and that estrogen influences adaptation of these protein responses during repeated insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Western blot analyses showed that male and estrogen-treated ovariectomized female rats exhibit opposite changes in monocarboxylate transporter-2 levels after one insulin injection, as well as divergent patterns of adaptation to this metabolic challenge. The data suggest that sex differences in hypoglycemic patterns in vagal complex lactate transport may underlie disparate signaling of cellular energy imbalance.
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