Vaccine-induced cellular immunity controls virus replication in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected monkeys only transiently, leading to the question of whether such vaccines for AIDS will be effective. We immunized monkeys with plasmid DNA and replication-defective adenoviral vectors encoding SIV proteins and then challenged them with pathogenic SIV. Although these monkeys demonstrated a reduction in viremia restricted to the early phase of SIV infection, they showed a prolonged survival. This survival was associated with preserved central memory CD4+ T lymphocytes and could be predicted by the magnitude of the vaccine-induced cellular immune response. These immune correlates of vaccine efficacy should guide the evaluation of AIDS vaccines in humans.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1124226 | DOI Listing |
BMC Geriatr
January 2025
Department of Creative Product Design, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder marked by cognitive decline and memory loss. Early diagnosis is the most effective strategy to slow the disease's progression. Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is frequently viewed as a crucial stage before the onset of AD, making it the ideal period for therapeutic intervention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Positional downbeat nystagmus (pDBN) is a common finding in dizzy patients, with etiologies ranging from benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) to central vestibular lesions. Although peripheral pDBN often presents with distinct clinical features that differentiate it from BPPV, diagnosing its etiology can be challenging. A thorough clinical evaluation, including the physical characteristics of the nystagmus, response to positional maneuvers, and neurological findings, is often sufficient to diagnose conditions that provoke pDBN such as anterior canal BPPV, atypical posterior canal BPPV, and central causes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Med
January 2025
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine II, Medical Centre and Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany.
Background: Self-reported health problems following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are common and often include relatively non-specific complaints such as fatigue, exertional dyspnoea, concentration or memory disturbance and sleep problems. The long-term prognosis of such post-acute sequelae of COVID-19/post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) is unknown, and data finding and correlating organ dysfunction and pathology with self-reported symptoms in patients with non-recovery from PCS is scarce. We wanted to describe clinical characteristics and diagnostic findings among patients with PCS persisting for >1 year and assessed risk factors for PCS persistence versus improvement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunohorizons
January 2025
Center for Virus Research, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Charlie Dunlop School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.
The differentiation and functionality of virus-specific T cells during acute viral infections are crucial for establishing long-term protective immunity. While numerous molecular regulators impacting T cell responses have been uncovered, the role of cellular prion proteins (PrPc) remains underexplored. Here, we investigated the impact of PrPc deficiency on the differentiation and function of virus-specific T cells using the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) Armstrong acute infection model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
January 2025
Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China.
Utilizing the correlation among diverse physical properties to facilitate multiplexing and multistate memory is anticipated to emerge as an efficient strategy to enhance memory capacity, achieve device miniaturization, and ensure information security. As an important functional material, ferroelectrics have long been considered as a potential candidate in multistate memory devices. Furthermore, the integration of optical response offers an alternative path to realizing multiplexing features, further enhancing the versatility and efficiency of these devices.
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