The effect of erythropoietin treatment on Trypanosoma congolense infection in mice was studied. Survival rates of mice were dramatically improved by treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin (r-hu-EPO; 5,000 U/kg) when infected with 1,000 cells of T. congolense IL3000 (P < 0.05). All the untreated mice infected with T. congolense IL3000 died by day 9 of infection; however, 100%, 50%, and 25% of the mice treated with r-hu-EPO for 8 days survived to day 20, day 40, and day 60 of the parasitical infection, respectively. Anti-8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine antibody, a biomarker for oxidative damage of DNA, yielded positive reactions in the cytoplasm of the parasites recovered from the mice treated with r-hu-EPO. These results, taken together, indicate that erythropoietin administration is effective for the treatment of T. congolense infection.
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