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Imaging of Pulmonary Vasculitis.
Radiol Clin North Am
March 2025
Cardiopulmonary Imaging Section, Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, JTN 361, 619 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. Electronic address:
This review will describe various disease processes resulting in pulmonary vasculitis. The clinical and imaging findings in these diseases often overlap with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage secondary to pulmonary capillaritis, a common manifestation in many of these diseases. A multidisciplinary approach is important for the correct diagnosis of these diseases, and this review will highlight the important imaging findings that radiologists need to be aware of to aid in this diagnostic process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTissue degrading and remodelling molecules in giant cell arteritis.
Rheumatology (Oxford)
January 2025
Research Center for Genome & Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan.
Objectives: GCA is a granulomatous vasculitis affecting large vessels, leading to intimal occlusion accompanied by the accumulation of myofibroblasts. Histopathologically, GCA is characterized by destruction of the tunica media and hypertrophy of the intima with invasion of activated CD4+ T cells, macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs). Despite these well-defined histopathological features, the molecular pathology of GCA has largely remained elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHistological pattern of non-infectious thoracic aortitis impacts mortality.
J Autoimmun
January 2025
Sorbonne Universités, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto-Immunes Systémiques Rares, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto-Inflammatoires et de l'Amylose Inflammatoire (CEREMAIA), F-75013, Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 959, F-75013, Paris, France; DMU 3ID, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, France.
Background: Non-infectious aortitis encompasses various histological patterns, but their specific cardiovascular outcomes remain unclear.
Objective: To evaluate the mortality associated with non-infectious surgical thoracic aortitis.
Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included patients who underwent thoracic aortic surgery and had histological evidence of aortitis.
Sudden Vision Loss: A Diagnostic Approach.
Am Fam Physician
January 2025
Western University Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada.
Vision loss affects more than 7 million Americans and impacts quality of life, independence, social functioning, and overall health. Common and dangerous conditions causing sudden vision loss include acute angle-closure glaucoma, retinal detachment, retinal artery occlusion, giant cell arteritis, and optic neuritis. Acute angle-closure glaucoma features ocular pain, headache, and nausea; treatment includes pilocarpine eye drops, oral or intravenous acetazolamide, and intravenous mannitol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRisk Factors and Pharmacological Interventions Impacting Cerebrovascular Ischemic Events in Giant Cell Arteritis: A Narrative Review.
Immun Inflamm Dis
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, Alzaiem Alazhari University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Introduction: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a common vasculitis predominantly affecting larger vessels, especially in individuals aged 70-79. Cerebrovascular ischemic events (CIE), such as stroke and transient ischemic attacks, are serious but rare complications of GCA, with a pooled prevalence of 4%. Some studies found that within 2 weeks of GCA diagnosis, 74% and 34% of patients experience transient or severe ischemic events, respectively.
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