A hundred and ten Salmonella organisms (comprising 38 Salm. typhi, 13 Salm. paratyphi and 59 non-typhi Salmonella spp.) isolated from blood of patients diagnosed of typhoid fever in Zaria, Northern, Nigeria were evaluated for their in-vitro susceptibility to eighteen antibiotics. A high percentage of the Salmonella spp. exhibited resistance to the various test antibiotics. While ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin and the aminoglycosides exhibited the greatest in-vitro activity against the isolates (82.7-96.4% of the isolates were susceptible), chloramphenicol and the aminopenicilins were considerably less effective (only 54.5% of isolates were sensitive). Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indexing showed that 90.9% of the isolates had multiple drug resistance (MAR) index >0.2. Eighteen of these isolates were resistant to at least 12 of the 18 antibiotics; susceptible only to ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin and the aminoglycosides. The percentage degree of resistance and MAR indices of the isolates to the antibiotic agents were irrespective of age and gender of the patients. The high prevalence of multiple drug resistant bacteria in this region is of epidemiological concern, as this will restrict the choices of antibiotics in the treatment of typhoid fever to a few compounds.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Investigating BoLA Class II DRB3*009:02 carrying cattle in Japan.
Vet Anim Sci
March 2025
Veterinary Virology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi Bunkyodai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, 0698501, Japan.
Enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) is a malignant lymphoma of cattle that is mainly caused by bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection. In this study, PCR-RFLP was used to investigate the frequency of the DRB3*009:02 allele in several farms with different herd management practices in Japan. A total of 742 Holsteins (384) and Japanese Blacks (230) were used as the sample size for the study, which was larger than the number of cattle in the study area with a confidence level of 95 % and a margin of error of 8.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA review of sustainable cattle genetic improvement in the Peruvian Highlands.
Vet Anim Sci
March 2025
Dirección de Desarrollo Tecnológico Agrario, Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA), Sede Central: Av. La Molina 1981, La Molina, Lima 15024, Perú.
Cattle breeding in the highlands of Peru is an important economic activity at the level of the entire rural extension, because it serves as an economic reserve for rural families and forms an integral part of the agricultural producer's culture. This review aimed to provide a literature- and research-based approach to the fundamental aspects of a national genetic improvement plan, emphasising the efficacy of using a bovine germplasm of high genetic quality as an initiative to implement genetic improvement programmes. The concepts to be implemented in national livestock farming include high yield, feed conversion efficiency, and minimum greenhouse gas emissions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComputational identification of novel natural inhibitors against triple mutant DNA gyrase A in fluoroquinolone-resistant Typhimurium.
Biochem Biophys Rep
March 2025
Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
The rising resistance to fluoroquinolones in Typhimurium poses a significant global health challenge. This computational research addresses the pressing need for new therapeutic drugs by utilizing various computational tools to identify potential natural compounds that can inhibit the triple mutant DNA gyrase subunit A enzyme, which is crucial in fluoroquinolone resistance. Initially, the three-dimensional structure of the wild-type DNA gyrase A protein was modeled using homology modeling, and followed by mutagenesis to create the clinically relevant triple mutant (SER83PHE, ASP87GLY, ALA119SER) DNA gyrase A protein structure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDNA Methyltransferase Inhibition Upregulates the Costimulatory Molecule ICAM-1 and the Immunogenic Phenotype of Melanoma Cells.
JID Innov
March 2025
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.
In cutaneous melanoma, epigenetic dysregulation is implicated in drug resistance and tumor immune escape. However, the epigenetic mechanisms that influence immune escape remain poorly understood. To elucidate how epigenetic dysregulation alters the expression of surface proteins that may be involved in drug targeting and immune escape, we performed a 3-dimensional surfaceome screen in primary melanoma cultures and identified the DNA-methyltransferase inhibitor decitabine as significantly upregulating the costimulatory molecule ICAM-1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA systematic review of recent outbreaks and the efficacy and safety of drugs approved for the treatment of infections.
IJID Reg
March 2025
Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, IMU University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
A systematic review was conducted to critically analyze the outbreaks, efficacy, and safety of drugs used to treat various infections. Four drugs-azithromycin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and amoxicillin-are commonly used to treat infections, and all four drugs were included in this review. This review found that, of these, azithromycin and ceftriaxone were more effective in treating infections based on the patient's length of stay in the hospital and the rate at which the fever was resolved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!