The locus coeruleus of the rat is richly innervated by many aminergic neurons varying in amine content and in site of origin. There are adrenergic and noradrenergic neurons originating in the medulla oblongata, dopaminergic from the hypothalamus, serotonergic from the mesencephalon and also intrinsic noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus complex. Of these, adrenergic and dopaminergic inputs appear relatively specific and powerful.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0742-8413(91)90195-y | DOI Listing |
Cogn Neurodyn
December 2025
The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049 Shaanxi China.
The locus coeruleus (LC), as the primary source of norepinephrine (NE) in the brain, is central to modulating cognitive and behavioral processes. This review synthesizes recent findings to provide a comprehensive understanding of the LC-NE system, highlighting its molecular diversity, neurophysiological properties, and role in various brain functions. We discuss the heterogeneity of LC neurons, their differential responses to sensory stimuli, and the impact of NE on cognitive processes such as attention and memory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroorganisms
January 2025
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
Elucidating the gene regulatory mechanisms underlying the gut-brain axis is critical for uncovering novel gut-brain interaction pathways and developing therapeutic strategies for gut bacteria-associated neurological disorders. Most studies have primarily investigated how gut bacteria modulate host epigenetics and gene expression; their impact on host alternative splicing, particularly in the brain, remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the effects of the gut-associated probiotic Lacidofil on alternative splicing across 10 regions of the rat brain using published RNA-sequencing data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neural Transm (Vienna)
January 2025
Human Anatomy, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, Pisa, 56100, PI, Italy.
Anorexia nervosa (AN) represents an eating disorder, which features the highest rate of mortality among all psychiatric disorders. The disease prevalence is increasing steadily, and an effective cure is missing. The neurobiology of the disease is largely unknown, and only a few studies were designed to disclose specific brain areas, where altered neural transmission may occur.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIran J Basic Med Sci
January 2025
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of different doses of essential oil (Lavender EO) administered by inhalation on sleep latency and neuromodulators regulating the sleep/wake cycle in rats with total sleep deprivation (TSD).
Materials And Methods: Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: Control, Alprazolam (ALP, 0.25 mg/kg given intraperitoneally), L1 (Lavender EO, 0.
Sci Adv
January 2025
Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
Prosocial behaviors are advantageous to social species, but the neural mechanism(s) through which others receive benefit remain unknown. Here, we found that bystander mice display rescue-like behavior (tongue dragging) toward anesthetized cagemates and found that this tongue dragging promotes arousal from anesthesia through a direct tongue-brain circuit. We found that a direct circuit from the tongue → glutamatergic neurons in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (MTN) → noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus (LC) drives rapid arousal in the anesthetized mice that receive the rescue-like behavior from bystanders.
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