The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ultrasonic treatment on occlusion of dentine tubules in root canal walls after post space preparation in endodontically treated teeth. Twenty-four premolars were instrumented and filled using warm vertical condensation; after post space preparation, they were divided into two groups. The control group was treated using the etching procedure. The experiment samples were treated with EDTA irrigation and ultrasound activation for 30 s before the etching procedure. The roots were divided and the canal walls were examined under SEM at 1000x magnification. The debris and open tubule marks were observed at 2, 6, and 10 mm levels using a three-step scale and the differences in marks among the groups were tested for statistical significance. The following were observed: (a) A decrease in debris and open tubule marks in the samples treated with ultrasounds and the control group (p < 0.05), (b) no significant differences between the three levels of post space in debris and open tubule marks in the experiment samples, and (c) significant differences between the apical and coronal levels in debris and open tubule marks in the control group.
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