Background And Aim: Hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) chemotherapy has a number of limitations, including a low rate of complete response and frequent extrahepatic recurrence, in colorectal cancer patients with non-resectable hepatic metastases.
Methods: Twenty-nine colorectal cancer patients with non-resectable hepatic metastases were consecutively enrolled for HAI alternating with systemic chemotherapy (HA + SC group). The protocol comprised six cycles of alternating HAI (5-FU + leucovorin for 14 days, and mitomycin C on the first day) and systemic chemotherapy (5-FU + leucovorin). Colorectal cancer patients with two or more hepatic metastases treated using hepatic resection and systemic chemotherapy (HR + SC group) were selected as a comparative group.
Results: Within the HA + SC group, complete response was achieved in eight patients (28%), whereas 13 patients (45%) showed progressive disease. Six of the eight patients with complete response lived for more than 38 months. Extrahepatic recurrences were more frequent in the HR + SC group than the HA + SC group (47 vs 21%, P = 0.024). The two groups did not differ with respect to overall and hepatic progression-free survival (P = 0.947 and 0.444, respectively), displaying median +/- SE values of 38 +/- 7 and 20 +/- 3 months in the HA + SC group, and 39 +/- 9 and 33 +/- 14 months in the HR + SC group, respectively. One patient in each group experienced toxic hepatitis, and sclerosing cholangitis occurred in one patient of the HA + SC group. Other complications were mostly grade 1 or 2.
Conclusions: HAI alternating with systemic chemotherapy led to a promising response and hepatic progression-free survival, possibly reducing extrahepatic recurrence in colorectal cancer patients with non-resectable liver metastases.
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