Lauric acid serves as an endogenous substrate for the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP4A11. A reverse-phase, high-performance liquid chromatography method is described for the quantification of 12-hydroxylauric acid formed enzymatically by incubation of 14C-labeled lauric acid with cDNA-expressed CYP4A11 or human liver microsomes. Analytical separation is achieved using a C18 column and a gradient of 30% acetonitrile and 2 mM perchloric acid to 100% methanol, using a detection scintillation counter. This method is applicable to enzymatic studies for determination of lauric acid 12-hydroxylation activity.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-998-2:143 | DOI Listing |
Pharmaceutics
December 2024
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University, 1 Gumyo, Togane 283-8555, Chiba, Japan.
: Laurocapram (Azone) attracted attention 40 years ago as a compound with the highest skin-penetration-enhancing effect at that time; however, its development was shelved due to strong skin irritation. We had already prepared and tested an ante-enhancer (IL-Azone), an ionic liquid (IL) with a similar structure to Azone, consisting of ε-caprolactam and myristic acid, as an enhancer candidate that maintains the high skin-penetration-enhancing effect of Azone with low skin irritation. In the present study, fatty acids with different carbon numbers (caprylic acid: C8, capric acid: C10, lauric acid: C12, myristic acid: C14, and oleic acid: C18:1) were selected and used with ε-caprolactam to prepare various IL-Azones in the search for a more effective IL-Azone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymers (Basel)
January 2025
Hainan Natural Rubber Technology Innovation Center, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
Ammonia is commonly used as a preservative in the production of concentrated natural rubber latex (CNRL) and latex products; however, it poses a serious risk to human health and the environment. In this study, we investigated a thioacetamide derivative (TD) as a preservative of ammonia-free CNRL and the optimization of a stabilization system comprising potassium hydroxide (KOH), lauric acid (LA), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to enhance its preservation effect. The results revealed that an optimal amount of TD (0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan.
While 5-fluorouracil (5FU) plays a central role in chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC), resistance to 5FU remains a major challenge in CRC treatment, and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the relationship between 5FU resistance acquisition, stemness, and energy metabolism. Among the two CRC cell lines, HT29 cells exhibited glycolytic and quiescent properties, while CT26 cells relied on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for energy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Engineering Research Center for High Value Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Products, College of Food and Nutrition, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China. Electronic address:
Linear dextrin (LD), a low-molecular-weight carbohydrate, regarded as a type of short amylose, can form resistant starch when combined with fatty acids. This study investigated the structural properties and in vitro digestion of linear dextrins and their complexes with lauric acid (LA). Four groups of linear dextrins were prepared by pretreating gelatinized high-amylose maize starch (HAMS) with pullulanase followed by gradient ethanol precipitation at concentrations of 0 %, 50 %, 60 %, and 70 % (v/v).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCarbohydr Polym
March 2025
Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China. Electronic address:
This study explores the effect of fatty acid chain length in regulating the structural changes and physicochemical properties of high-amylose maize starch (HAMS) induced by annealing with fatty acid solution (AFAS). AFAS was found to effectively regulate the conformation of amylose molecular chains within starch granules. Annealing with fatty acids of shorter chain length, such as lauric acid, promoted the formation of both double and single helices within HAMS granules.
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