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Recent advances in embryology have shown that the sister blastomeres of 2-cell mouse and human embryos differ reciprocally in potency. An open question is whether the blastomeres became different as opposed to originating as different. Here we wanted to test two conflicting models: one proposing that each blastomere contains both animal and vegetal materials in balanced proportions because the plane of first cleavage runs close to the animal-vegetal axis of the fertilized oocyte; and the other model proposing that each blastomere contains variable proportions of animal and vegetal materials because the plane of the first cleavage can vary depending on the topology of fertilization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA family with gallstone disease: defining inherited risk in the era of clinical genetic testing.
Intern Emerg Med
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Germany.
Gallstones are among the most frequent hepatobiliary conditions. Although in most cases, they remain asymptomatic, they can cause complications and, in such cases, invasive treatments like endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) or cholecystectomy are required. Here, we present the results of genetic testing of a single family with a high incidence of symptomatic gallstones and cholestatic liver phenotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA phase I clinical trial of intrahepatic artery delivery of TG6002 in combination with oral 5-fluorocytosine in patients with liver-dominant metastatic colorectal cancer.
Clin Cancer Res
January 2025
University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Background: Effective treatment for patients with metastatic cancer is limited, particularly for colorectal cancer patients with metastatic liver lesions (mCRC), where accessibility to numerous tumours is essential for favourable clinical outcomes. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) selectively replicate in cancer cells; however, direct targeting of inaccessible lesions is limited when using conventional intravenous or intratumoural administration routes.
Methods: We conducted a multi-centre, dose-escalation, phase I study of vaccinia virus, TG6002, via intrahepatic artery (IHA) delivery in combination with the oral pro-drug 5-fluorocytosine to fifteen mCRC patients.
Biomarkers.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Background: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) exhibits clinical phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity. However, reports on the clinical phenotypic characteristics and the frequency of genetic mutations in large-sample Chinese populations with FTD are lacking. Furthermore, the FTD diagnostic performance of plasma neurodegenerative biomarkers remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomarkers.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Umass Chan Medical School, Shrewsbury, MA, USA.
Background: The ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE4+) genotype and aging synergistically contribute to the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the mechanisms underlying their influence are not completely understood. The methylation of ELOVL2 DNA accounts for 70% of the variance in the aging epigenetic clock. The ELOVL2 gene is essential for synthesizing long polyunsaturated fatty acids, crucial for cell membrane integrity, inflammation modulation, and energy maintenance.
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