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A phylogenetic approach to delimitate species in a probabilistic way.
Syst Biol
January 2025
Division of Ecology & Evolution, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200 Australia.
Different species concepts and their associated criteria have been used to delimit species boundaries, such as the absence of gene flow for the biological species concept and the presence of morphological distinction for the morphological species concept. The need for different delimitation criteria largely reflects the fact that species are generated under various speciation mechanisms. A key question is how to make species delimitation consistent in a species group, especially when we want to delimit the species boundaries over many newly discovered evolutionary lineages and add these new lineages into a comparative analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndoscopic annular chondroperichondrial tympanoplasty, technical description.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol
January 2025
Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hatay, Turkey.
Purpose: Tympanoplasty is a surgical procedure performed to cure middle ear infections and restore normal middle ear function. It is one of the most common procedures in otological surgery. Since Wullstein described tympanoplasty, the microscope has been a widely used surgical tool in otological surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFree mobility across group boundaries promotes intergroup cooperation.
Commun Psychol
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Social and Economic Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Group cooperation is a cornerstone of human society, enabling achievements that surpass individual capabilities. However, groups also define and restrict who benefits from cooperative actions and who does not, raising the question of how to foster cooperation across group boundaries. This study investigates the impact of voluntary mobility across group boundaries on intergroup cooperation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFinding a needle in a haystack: functional screening for novel targets in cancer immunology and immunotherapies.
Oncogene
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, West China Second Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, P. R. China.
Genome-wide functional genetic screening has been widely used in the biomedicine field, which makes it possible to find a needle in a haystack at the genetic level. In cancer research, gene mutations are closely related to tumor development, metastasis, and recurrence, and the use of state-of-the-art powerful screening technologies, such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR), to search for the most critical genes or coding products provides us with a new possibility to further refine the cancer mapping and provide new possibilities for the treatment of cancer patients. The use of CRISPR screening for the most critical genes or coding products has further refined the cancer atlas and provided new possibilities for the treatment of cancer patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdvanced technologies in InGaN micro-LED fabrication to mitigate the sidewall effect.
Light Sci Appl
January 2025
Advanced Semiconductor Laboratory, Electrical and Computer Engineering Program, CEMSE Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
The size of InGaN micro-LEDs is continuously decreasing to meet the demands of various emerging applications, especially in tiny micro-displays such as AR/VR. However, the conventional pixel definition based on plasma etching significantly damages the mesa sidewalls, leading to a severe reduction in efficiency as the micro-LED size decreases. This seriously impedes the development and application of micro-LEDs.
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