In chronic experiments with unrestrained rats, the electrograms were registered simultaneously in different structures of brain. Intraventricular injections of the GABA, muscimol, and baclofen generally caused a reduction in power spectrum of the electrograms in the range of frequencies 7-16 Hz; the magnitude of the reduction was somewhat different in different brain structures. Bicucullin when applied in combination with muscimol and baclofen reduced the effects of the GABA receptor agonists on electrograms.
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Neuropsychopharmacology
December 2024
Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
High relapse rate during abstinence is a defining characteristic of drug addiction. We previously found that opioid seeking progressively increases after voluntary abstinence induced by adverse consequences of oxycodone seeking (crossing an electric barrier). Functional MRI revealed that this effect is associated with changes in functional connectivity within medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC)- and dorsomedial striatum (DMS)-related circuits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Res
October 2024
Laboratory of Pharmacology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia/MG, Brazil. Electronic address:
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) remains a critical public health issue worldwide, characterized by high relapse rates often triggered by contextual cues. This research investigates the neural mechanisms behind context-induced reinstatement of alcohol-seeking behavior, focusing on the nucleus accumbens and its interactions with the prelimbic cortex, employing Male Long-Evans rats in an ABA renewal model. In our experimental setup, rats were trained to self-administer 10 % ethanol in Context A, followed by extinction of lever pressing in the presence of discrete cues in Context B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurobiol Learn Mem
July 2024
Department of Psychology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA. Electronic address:
Systemic manipulations that enhance dopamine (DA) transmission around the time of fear extinction can strengthen fear extinction and reduce conditioned fear relapse. Prior studies investigating the brain regions where DA augments fear extinction focus on targets of mesolimbic and mesocortical DA systems originating in the ventral tegmental area, given the role of these DA neurons in prediction error. The dorsal striatum (DS), a primary target of the nigrostriatal DA system originating in the substantia nigra (SN), is implicated in behaviors beyond its canonical role in movement, such as reward and punishment, goal-directed action, and stimulus-response associations, but whether DS DA contributes to fear extinction is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Headache Pain
May 2024
Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, 06320, Türkiye.
Background: GABA, a key inhibitory neurotransmitter, has synaptic and extrasynaptic receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. Background GABA, which spills over from the synaptic cleft, acts on extrasynaptic delta subunit containing GABAA receptors. The role of extrasynaptic GABAergic input in migraine is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuropsychopharmacology
September 2024
Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
Evidence indicates that the anterior (aIC), but not posterior (pIC), insular cortex promotes cued reinstatement of cocaine seeking after extinction in rats. It is unknown whether these subregions also regulate heroin seeking and whether such involvement depends on prior extinction learning. To address these questions, we used baclofen and muscimol (BM) to inactivate the aIC or pIC bilaterally during a seeking test after extinction or prolonged withdrawal from heroin.
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