Mitochondria, despite their function in cellular energy metabolism, play an important role in the apoptotic signaling pathways. These organelles in response to the death signal undergo changes resulting in the release of proteins which are essential to conduct apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway. This article is focused on the properties and functions of apoptogenic proteins released from the mitochondrial intermembrane space, i.e., caspases, cytochrome c, Smac/DIABLO, serine protease Omi/HtrA2, AIF and endonuclease G.
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Characterization of the putative yeast mitochondrial triacylglycerol lipase Tgl2.
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January 2025
Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. Electronic address:
Mitochondria derive the majority of their lipids from other organelles through contact sites. These lipids, primarily phosphoglycerolipids, are the main components of mitochondrial membranes. In the cell, neutral lipids like triacylglycerides (TAGs) are stored in lipid droplets, playing an important role in maintaining cellular health.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn Addendum to the Chemiosmotic Theory of Mitochondrial Activity: The Role of RNA as a Proton Sink.
Biomolecules
January 2025
School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Mitochondrial ATP synthesis is driven by harnessing the electrochemical gradient of protons (proton motive force) across the mitochondrial inner membrane via the process of chemiosmosis. While there is consensus that the proton gradient is generated by components of the electron transport chain, the mechanism by which protons are supplied to ATP synthase remains controversial. As opposed to a global coupling model whereby protons diffuse into the intermembrane space, a localised coupling model predicts that protons remain closely associated with the lipid membrane prior to interaction with ATP synthase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHotspots for Disease-Causing Mutations in the Mitochondrial TIM23 Import Complex.
Genes (Basel)
November 2024
School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
The human mitochondrial proteome comprises approximately 1500 proteins, with only 13 being encoded by mitochondrial DNA. The remainder are encoded by the nuclear genome, translated by cytosolic ribosomes, and subsequently imported into and sorted within mitochondria. The process of mitochondria-destined protein import is mediated by several intricate protein complexes distributed among the four mitochondrial compartments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA novel super-resolution STED microscopy analysis approach to observe spatial MCU and MICU1 distribution dynamics in cells.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res
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Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/4 EAST, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed, Graz, Austria. Electronic address:
The uptake of Ca by mitochondria is an important and tightly controlled process in various tissues. Even small changes in the key proteins involved in this process can lead to significant cellular dysfunction and, ultimately, cell death. In this study, we used stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy and developed an unbiased approach to monitor the sub-mitochondrial distribution and dynamics of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) and mitochondrial calcium uptake 1 (MICU1) under resting and stimulated conditions.
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January 2025
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, People's Republic of China.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the occurrence and development of HCC remains unclear. We are interested in the function of m6A methylation enzyme WTAP in the occurrence and development of HCC.
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