Chloroplasts were separated from Euglena gracilis by zonal centrifugation at low speed in density gradients of Ficoll or dextran. The chloroplasts were intact by the criteria of ultrastructure and their content of ribulose diphosphate carboxylase and soluble protein. The chloroplasts also contained ribosomes and ribosomal RNA uncontaminated by the corresponding cytoplasmic particles.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC365845 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.47.2.217 | DOI Listing |
Int Immunopharmacol
January 2025
Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA. Electronic address:
Here, we investigated the relationship between the attenuation of lung cancer growth due to oral administration of Euglena gracilis water extract (EWE) and T cell stimulation. Orally administered EWE was revealed to increase PD-1 and PD-L1 mRNA and proteins primarily in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), which was correlated with a significant decrease in the tumor weights in mice. A combination treatment with EWE and anti-PD-1 antibody significantly decreased the growth of murine lung tumors more than treatment with either alone by increasing the number of TILs and attenuating T cell exhaustion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Department of Food Nutrition, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
This study aimed to investigate the effects of β-glucan derived from Euglena gracilis (EGB), an edible microalga, on particulate matter (PM)-induced airway inflammation in A549 cells and BALB/c mice. EGB effectively suppressed the mRNA and protein levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-8) and mediators (iNOS, COX-2), while inhibiting the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways triggered by PM exposure and reducing nuclear NF-κB levels. Additionally, EGB decreased PM-induced ROS production and increased the protein levels of NRF2 and HO-1, along with genes encoding antioxidant enzymes (catalase, GPx, SOD1), associated with elevated nuclear NRF2 levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Prod Bioprospect
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
The euglenatides are a family of hybrid polyketide-nonribosomal peptides produced by the unicellular algae Euglena gracilis. These compounds have antiproliferative activity against fungal pathogens and mammalian cancer cell lines. Analysis of E.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiosci Biotechnol Biochem
December 2024
Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Central Ward, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.
Microalgae have been explored as a viable alternative food source. Among them, Euglena gracilis stands out as a promising single-cell algae. However, the challenge lies in developing more efficient and cost-effective methods for industrial mass production of Euglena gracilis under controlled culture conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcotoxicol Environ Saf
December 2024
School of the Environment, Trent University, Peterborough, Canada; Environmental and Life Science graduate program, Trent University, Peterborough, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Trent University, Peterborough, Canada.
The global extraction and use of rare earth elements (REEs) continue to rise as they are implemented in technologies that improve human and environmental livelihoods. However, the general understanding of transfer processes and fates of REEs in aquatic systems remains limited. Here, we aim to determine the REEs' main exposure pathways, e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!