This paper describes the immunohistochemical staining of orthopox virus (OPV) antigen in liver tissue of experimentally infected mice and in cell cultures. Using two different monoclonal antibodies, virus detection was achieved in cryostat-, but not in paraffin-sections.
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Reports of mpox are rising in Africa where the disease is endemic and in new countries where the disease has not been previously seen. The 2022 global outbreak of clade II mpox and an ongoing outbreak of the more lethal clade I mpox highlight the pandemic potential for monkeypox virus. Waning population immunity after the cessation of routine immunization for smallpox plays a key role in the changing epidemiologic patterns of mpox.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccination for Mpox (Monkeypox) Infection in Humans: From Basic Science to Real-World Effectiveness.
Vaccines (Basel)
October 2024
Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
Human mpox (previously known as monkeypox) is a multi-system disease caused by an orthopox DNA virus [...
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of a multiplexed immunoassay for assessing long-term humoral immunity Orthopoxviruses.
Vaccine
December 2024
Emerging Pathogen Serology Group, Vaccine Development Evaluation and Preparedness Centre, UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Wiltshire, UK.
Background: The 2022 Monkeypox virus (MPXV) global outbreak boosted development of multiple serological assays to aid understanding of Mpox immunology.
Objectives: The study aimed to assess a multiplexed solid-phase electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (Meso Scale Discovery (MSD)) for simultaneous detection of antibodies against MPXV, including A35, E8 and M1 antigens, along with corresponding Vaccina Virus (VACV) homologues and demonstrate its accuracy in assessing antibody titres post-vaccination and infection.
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Equivalence of freeze-dried and liquid-frozen formulations of MVA-BN as smallpox and mpox vaccine.
Hum Vaccin Immunother
December 2024
Executive Management, Bavarian Nordic A/S, Hellerup, Denmark.
Modified Vaccinia Ankara Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN) as a smallpox and mpox vaccine has been approved in its liquid-frozen (LF) formulation in the US, Canada, and EU. A freeze-dried (FD) formulation may offer additional benefits, such as a longer shelf life and reduced dependence on cold chain storage and transport. In a phase 2 clinical trial, 651 vaccinia-naïve participants were vaccinated with two doses of MVA-BN LF or FD, 4 weeks apart.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBuffalopox: An emerging zoonotic challenge.
Infect Dis Now
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Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, Karnataka 560029, India. Electronic address:
As a variant of Vaccinia virus, Buffalopox virus is known to cause Buffalopox disease. In recent times, sporadic outbreaks of the infection in humans have been reported, especially in the endemic countries of Southeast Asia. Though mortality has not been high, associated morbidity is significant.
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