The HIV epidemic is, by many criteria, the worst outbreak of infectious disease in history. The rate of new infections is now approximately 5 million per year, mainly in the developing world, and is increasing. Women are now substantially more at risk of infection with HIV than men. With no cure or effective vaccine in sight, a huge effort is required to develop topical agents (often called microbicides) that, applied to the vaginal mucosa, would prevent infection of these high-risk individuals. We discuss the targets for topical agents that have been identified by studies of the biology of HIV infection and provide an overview of the progress towards the development of a usable agent.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nri1848DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

topical agents
8
microbicides topical
4
topical strategies
4
strategies prevent
4
prevent vaginal
4
vaginal transmission
4
hiv
4
transmission hiv
4
hiv hiv
4
hiv epidemic
4

Similar Publications

One of the most frequently impacted locations by psoriasis is the scalp. It is seen in about 80% of psoriasis cases worldwide, and its treatment is challenging. To compare the efficacy and safety of excimer light versus topical methotrexate (MTX) 1% hydrogel in treatment of scalp psoriasis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Impact of topical and systemic therapy on carotid-intima media thickness in psoriasis.

Arch Dermatol Res

January 2025

Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.

Atherosclerosis, in which chronic inflammation is also effective in it's pathogenesis, is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in psoriasis patients. Early diagnosis and management of atherosclerosis is important. Measurement of carotid intima media thickness is a method used to determine subclinical atherosclerosis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Periorificial dermatitis in infants and preschoolers - a narrative review.

Eur J Pediatr

January 2025

Department of Dermatology & Allergology, Städtisches Klinikum Dresden, Academic Teaching Hospital, Dresden, Germany.

Periorifical dermatitis (POD) is a papular, chronic inflammatory skin disease commonly seen in women in their 2nd to 4th decade of life. The major differential diagnosis is persistent acne. In children, POD is less common than in adults.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of pre-operative topical moxifloxacin prior to cataract surgery on the growth of ocular surface bacteria and induced antibiotic resistance after a 3-day course of moxifloxacin.

Methods: The study was a prospective, dual arm, randomized study. The study group of 17 patients used moxifloxacin four times daily, for three days prior to surgery.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Atypical conjunctival sporotrichosis secondary to Mooren's ulcer: a case report.

BMC Infect Dis

January 2025

Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Cornea and Ocular Surface Diseases, Liaoning Provincial Optometry Technology Engineering Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Municipal Eye Hospital, Dalian Municipal Cancer Hospital, No. 40, Qianshan Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, Liaoning, China.

Background: Conjunctival sporotrichosis is a rare fungal infection, typically presenting as granulomatous lesions. Its manifestations can be atypical, particularly in immunosuppressed patients. Here, we present a rare case of a Mooren's ulcer patient with bulbar conjunctival Sporotrichosis presenting as a salmon-pink tumor.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!