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Lightweight tea bud detection method based on improved YOLOv5.
Sci Rep
December 2024
College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 47100, China.
Tea bud detection technology is of great significance in realizing automated and intelligent plucking of tea buds. This study proposes a lightweight tea bud identification model based on modified Yolov5 to increase the picking accuracy and labor efficiency of intelligent tea bud picking while lowering the deployment pressure of mobile terminals. The following methods are used to make improvements: the backbone network CSPDarknet-53 of YOLOv5 is replaced with the EfficientNetV2 feature extraction network to reduce the number of parameters and floating-point operations of the model; the neck network of YOLOv5, the Ghost module is introduced to construct the ghost convolution and C3ghost module to further reduce the number of parameters and floating-point operations of the model; replacing the upsampling module of the neck network with the CARAFE upsampling module can aggregate the contextual tea bud feature information within a larger sensory field and improve the mean average precision of the model in detecting tea buds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolar Networks Mediate Ion Conduction of the SARS-CoV-2 Envelope Protein.
J Am Chem Soc
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 170 Albany Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.
The SARS-CoV-2 E protein conducts cations across the cell membrane to cause pathogenicity to infected cells. The high-resolution structures of the E transmembrane domain (ETM) in the closed state at neutral pH and in the open state at acidic pH have been determined. However, the ion conduction mechanism remains elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunctional characterization and mechanism of the multidrug resistance transport potein YoeA in Bacillus subtilis.
Int J Biol Macromol
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Food Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210000, PR China. Electronic address:
Transport proteins are essential for bacterial resistance to antibiotics and toxins, but their mechanisms remain poorly understood in Bacillus subtilis. In the present study, overexpression of yoeA enhanced resistance to various antibiotics, with its expression induced by these antibiotics, especially penicillin and plipastatin. The ΔyoeA strain exhibited significant growth inhibition at 100 μg/mL of plipastatin, while as high as 10,000 μg/mL of iturin/surfactin are required to achieve comparable inhibition, suggesting a higher sensitivity of ΔyoeA to plipastatin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCationic conjugated polymers with tunable hydrophobicity for efficient treatment of multidrug-resistant wound biofilm infections.
Biomaterials
May 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA. Electronic address:
Biofilm-associated infections arising from antibiotic-resistant bacteria pose a critical challenge to global health. We report the generation of a library of cationic conjugated poly(phenylene ethynylene) (PPE) polymers featuring trimethylammonium terminated sidechains with tunable hydrophobicity. Screening of the library identified an amphiphilic polymer with a C hydrophobic spacer as the polymer with the highest antimicrobial efficacy against biofilms in the dark with excellent selectivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn antibiotic that mediates immune destruction of senescent cancer cells.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
December 2024
Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam 1066 CX, The Netherlands.
Drugs that eliminate senescent cells, senolytics, can be powerful when combined with prosenescence cancer therapies. Using a CRISPR/Cas9-based genetic screen, we identify here SLC25A23 as a vulnerability of senescent cancer cells. Suppressing SLC25A23 disrupts cellular calcium homeostasis, impairs oxidative phosphorylation, and interferes with redox signaling, leading to death of senescent cells.
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