To investigate mechanisms of protective effects of fenofibrate on the diabetic kidney, male Wistar rats were divided into control, untreated diabetes, and fenofibrate-treated (32 mg kg(-1) d(-1), 8 weeks) diabetes groups. Diabetes induced by streptozotocin (25 mg/kg) and a high-fat diet was characterized by the disorders of plasma glucose and lipids. In untreated diabetic rats, there were increases in glomerular volume, matrix content, expressions of laminin and urinary albumin excretion. These nephropathies were associated with the upregulations of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) mRNA expression and its protein activity in the renal cortex, and a significant increase in transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) expression. Treatment with fenofibrate suppressed the expression of PAI-I mRNA and its protein activity, and inhibited TGF-beta1 overexpression. It also partially reversed metabolic disorders and pathophysiologic changes associated with diabetic nephropathy. Our results indicate that fenofibrate delays the progression of diabetic nephropathy in rats to some extent. These renoprotective effects are likely to be achieved through suppression of PAI-1 and TGF-beta1 in the renal cortex, and consequently less extracellular matrix deposition.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vph.2006.01.004 | DOI Listing |
Clin Exp Nephrol
January 2025
Department of Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan.
Background: Several clinical trials showed that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have protective effects against chronic kidney disease (CKD) in both patients with and those without type 2 diabetes mellitus. Since one of the renoprotective mechanisms of SGLT2 inhibitors is thought to be amelioration of glomerular hyperfiltration, we hypothesized that an enlarged glomerular diameter, which suggests increased single-nephron glomerular filtration rate, is associated with a reduction in urinary protein after treatment with an SGLT2 inhibitor.
Methods: This study was a retrospective multicentered study including 28 adult patients with CKD who underwent kidney biopsy and were then treated with dapagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor.
J Pharmacol Sci
February 2025
The Fourth Hospital of Changsha, Department of Anesthesiology, 410006, Changsha, Hunan Province, China. Electronic address:
Background: Renal tubular injury (RTI) is one of the key characteristics of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) was an anticholinergic drug with renoprotective effects, but its specific mechanism in the treatment of DN was still unclear.
Methods: We treated different diabetic mouse models and high glucose-induced RTI models by PHC.
Cureus
December 2024
Nephrology, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Medical Research Institute, Mumbai, IND.
Research conducted in India has shown that there is a high prevalence of non-diabetic kidney disease (NDKD) among Indian patients. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are emerging as potential treatments for preventing the progression of chronic kidney disease to advanced stages, regardless of their anti-diabetic effects. Dapagliflozin, which has been approved by the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization, is the SGLT2i drug class approved for use in both DKD and NDKD patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) has become a disease of global concern due to its high morbidity and mortality. This has highlighted the need for renoprotective agents. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is a saponin isolated from Astragalus membranaceus with good antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Dapagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, is widely used for treating heart failure and chronic kidney disease (CKD). While its renoprotective effects are well established, concerns remain regarding its impact on muscle mass and function, especially in elderly patients.
Objective: To assess the effects of dapagliflozin on renal function, body composition, and muscle strength in elderly CKD patients.
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