We determine some exact static and time-dependent properties of the fermionic Tonks-Girardeau (FTG) gas, a spin-aligned one-dimensional Fermi gas with infinitely strongly attractive zero-range odd-wave interactions. We show that its two-particle reduced density matrix exhibits superconductive off-diagonal long-range order, and on a ring an FTG gas with an even number of atoms has a highly degenerate ground state with quantization of Coriolis rotational flux and high sensitivity to rotation and to external fields and accelerations. For a gas initially under harmonic confinement, we show that during an expansion the momentum distribution undergoes a "dynamical bosonization," approaching that of an ideal Bose gas without violating the Pauli exclusion principle.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.080404 | DOI Listing |
Phys Rev Lett
May 2024
Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica, Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Attractive p-wave one-dimensional fermions are studied in the fermionic Tonks-Girardeau regime in which the diagonal properties are shared with those of an ideal Bose gas. We study the off-diagonal properties and present analytical expressions for the eigenvalues of the one-body density matrix. One striking aspect is the universality of the occupation numbers which are independent of the specific shape of the external potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
November 2023
Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
The highly excited super-Tonks-Girardeau (sTG) gas was recently observed to be extremely stable in the presence of a weak dipolar repulsion. Here we reveal the underlying reason for this mysterious phenomenon. By exactly solving the trapped small clusters with both contact and dipolar interactions, we show that the reason lies in the distinct spectral responses between sTG gas and its decaying channel (bound state) when a weak dipolar interaction is present.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
April 2023
Institute for Space Sciences, Bucharest-Măgurele, R 077125, Romania.
Following the removal of axial confinement the momentum distribution of a Tonks-Girardeau gas approaches that of a system of noninteracting spinless fermions in the initial harmonic trap. This phenomenon, called dynamical fermionization, has been experimentally confirmed in the case of the Lieb-Liniger model and theoretically predicted in the case of multicomponent systems at zero temperature. We prove analytically that for all spinor gases with strong repulsive contact interactions at finite temperature the momentum distribution after release from the trap asymptotically approaches that of a system of spinless fermions at the same temperature but with a renormalized chemical potential which depends on the number of components of the spinor system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
March 2023
Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Innsbruck, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Phys Rev Lett
July 2021
Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
Dynamical fermionization refers to the phenomenon in Tonks-Girardeau gases where, upon release from harmonic confinement, the gases' momentum density profile evolves asymptotically to that of an ideal Fermi gas in the initial trap. This phenomenon has been demonstrated theoretically in hardcore and anyonic Tonks-Girardeau gases and was recently experimentally observed in a strongly interacting Bose gas. We extend this study to a one-dimensional spinor gas of arbitrary spin in the strongly interacting regime and analytically prove that the total momentum distribution after the harmonic trap is turned off approaches that of a spinless ideal Fermi gas, while the asymptotic momentum distribution of each spin component takes the same shape of the initial real space density profile of that spin component.
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