We report on a new experiment that tests for a violation of Lorentz invariance (LI), by searching for a dependence of atomic transition frequencies on the orientation of the spin of the involved states (Hughes-Drever type experiment). The atomic frequencies are measured using a laser cooled 133Cs atomic fountain clock, operating on a particular combination of Zeeman substates. We analyze the results within the framework of the Lorentz violating standard model extension (SME), where our experiment is sensitive to a largely unexplored region of the SME parameter space, corresponding to first measurements of four proton parameters and improvements by 11 and 13 orders of magnitude on the determination of four others. In spite of the attained uncertainties, and of having extended the search into a new region of the SME, we still find no indication of LI violation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.060801 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
December 2024
Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003.
Dirac fluids-interacting systems obeying particle-hole symmetry and Lorentz invariance-are among the simplest hydrodynamic systems; they have also been studied as effective descriptions of transport in strongly interacting Dirac semimetals. Direct experimental signatures of the Dirac fluid are elusive, as its charge transport is diffusive as in conventional metals. In this paper, we point out a striking consequence of fluctuating relativistic hydrodynamics: The full counting statistics (FCS) of charge transport is highly non-Gaussian.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEntropy (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel.
Previously, it was shown that Schrödinger's theory can be derived from a potential flow Lagrangian provided a Fisher information term is added. This approach was later expanded to Pauli's theory of an electron with spin, which required a Clebsch flow Lagrangian with non-zero vorticity. Here, we use the recent relativistic flow Lagrangian to represent Dirac's theory with the addition of a Lorentz invariant Fisher information term as is required by quantum mechanics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEntropy (Basel)
September 2024
Department of Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
J Phys Condens Matter
October 2024
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India.
Triply degenerate nodal point (TP) fermions, lacking elementary particle counterparts, have been theoretically anticipated as quasiparticle excitations near specific band crossing points constrained by distinct space-group symmetries instead of Lorentz invariance. Here, based oncalculations and symmetry analysis, we demonstrate the presence of TP fermions in Heusler alloys. Furthermore, we predict that these Heusler alloys are dynamically stable, exhibiting TP fermions along four distinctaxes in the F-43m space group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
September 2024
Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
We introduce the theory of thermodynamic relativity, a unified theoretical framework for describing both entropies and velocities, and their respective physical disciplines of thermodynamics and kinematics, which share a surprisingly identical description with relativity. This is the first study to generalize relativity in a thermodynamic context, leading naturally to anisotropic and nonlinear adaptations of relativity; thermodynamic relativity constitutes a new path of generalization, as compared to the "traditional" passage from special to general theory based on curved spacetime. We show that entropy and velocity are characterized by three identical postulates, which provide the basis of a broader framework of relativity: (1) no privileged reference frame with zero value; (2) existence of an invariant and fixed value for all reference frames; and (3) existence of stationarity.
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