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Cognitive dysfunction in diabetes - the 'forgotten' diabetes complication: a narrative review.
Scand J Prim Health Care
January 2025
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
Background: In addition to peripheral neuropathy of various kinds, diabetes can also cause central neuropathy, which among other things can manifest itself as premature cognitive dysfunction, often linked to vascular dysfunction. Although the link between diabetes and cognitive dysfunction was discovered more than 100 years ago and has important clinical implications, this diabetes complication remains relatively unknown. Recent years have seen research that has clarified cerebral insulin resistance and defective insulin signaling as examples of pathogenic factors behind this cognitive impairment in diabetes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhenolic and Iridoid Glycosides from L. and Their Effects on the α, δ, and γ Subtypes of the PPAR System-Including the Discovery of the Novel Phenylethanoid Cardiaphenyloside A and the Most Active 7-Chloro-6-desoxy-harpagide.
Molecules
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 21, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
L. is known in Europe for its cardioactivity-also in interrelation with known risk factors of the metabolic syndrome-just as Houtt. in East Asia; however, up to now, no active constituents could be identified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of PPAR in fungal keratitis.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
The treatment of fungal keratitis(FK) remains challenging due to delayed fungal detection and the limited effectiveness of antifungal drugs. Fungal infection can activate both innate and adaptive immune responses in the cornea. Fungi stimulate the production of oxidative stress-related biomarkers and mediate the infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPPAR-γ agonist mitigates intestinal barrier dysfunction and inflammation induced by Clostridioides difficile SlpA in vitro.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center , Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Clostridioides difficile is the leading cause of healthcare- and antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Surface layer protein A (SlpA), an essential component of the bacterium's outermost layer, contributes to colonization and inflammation. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) has been demonstrated to improve intestinal integrity and prevent inflammation in host cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRole of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α and γ in mediating the beneficial effects of β-caryophyllene in a rat model of fragile X syndrome.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
January 2025
Dept. Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy; Neuroendocrinology, Metabolism and Neuropharmacology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy. Electronic address:
β-Caryophyllene (BCP) is a naturally occurring sesquiterpene found in numerous plant species, including Cannabis sativa. BCP has shown a high safety profile and a wide range of biological functions, including beneficial effects in neurodegenerative and inflammatory diseases. Here, we used behavioral, pharmacological, and in-silico docking analyses to investigate the effects and mechanism of action of BCP in Fragile X Syndrome (FXS), the most common inherited cause of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability.
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