Sleep disturbances are more common in children and adolescents with developmental disabilities than in non-disabled individuals. Given the potential benefit of improved sleep for a patient's daytime functioning, it is important that clinicians who work with this population query caretakers about sleep problems and offer intervention, whether behavioral or pharmacological. Sleep problems in children with developmental disorders often fail to improve spontaneously, as may be the case in typically developing children, which can lead to further distress, disappointment, and frustration for families. Attempting to resolve sleep difficulties as they arise can benefit not only the patient, but also the patient's caretakers.
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Front Educ (Lausanne)
January 2024
Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects about 13% of adolescents and is associated with substance use-related morbidity and mortality. While evidence on effective interventions to reduce alcohol use among adolescents with ADHD is limited, parent-teen communication about alcohol use has been found to be protective. Other approaches, such as educational interventions, hold promise to reduce alcohol-related harms in adolescents with ADHD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis manuscript details the development and implementation of Mongolia's first official training program for child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) specialists. This initiative, inspired by and developed in collaboration with Japanese CAP training models, addresses the substantial gap in specialized mental health services for children and adolescents in Mongolia. Our discussion elaborates on the collaborative efforts between the Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Nagoya University, and other partnering institutions, reflecting on the initial outcomes and the strategic importance of this program.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Rev Res Dev Disabil
October 2024
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, United States.
New insights regarding the early emergence of phenotypic patterns of strength and challenge in neurogenetic conditions afford the possibility of personalized, anticipatory intervention approaches. The development of novel 'syndrome-informed' interventions, however, should incorporate principles that will maximize the utility of intervention activities for as many children with a given neurogenetic condition as possible. This review examines several of these dimensions, including the use of community-engaged frameworks to ensure feasibility and acceptability of novel interventions; the development of cross-nationally valid approaches that can be readily translated into other languages and cultural contexts; and the use of adaptive interventions designs that allow for the tailoring of intervention pathways based on key child dimensions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPak J Med Sci
January 2025
Muhammad Ashfaq, MCPS, FCPS, CHPE (JSMU) Pediatric Medicine, National Institute of Child Health Karachi, Pakistan.
Objectives: To determine gender and ethnic distribution of developmental dysplasia of hip in newborns using Graf method for ultrasound. To determine the significance of association between developmental dysplasia of hip with ethnicity in newborns using Graf's method ultrasound.
Method: This analytical cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Karachi from January through June 2022 .
Importance: The pathophysiology of ADHD is complicated by high rates of psychiatric comorbidities, thus delineating unique versus shared functional brain perturbations is critical in elucidating illness pathophysiology.
Objective: To investigate resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI)-complexity alterations among children with ADHD, oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), respectively, and comorbid ADHD, ODD, and OCD, within the cool and hot executive function (EF) networks.
Design: We leveraged baseline data (wave 0) from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.
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