AI Article Synopsis
- The study examined how age affects performance in symbol-digit substitution tasks, revealing that older adults struggle more with feature encoding, memory, and visual search.
- A follow-up experiment mimicked sensory deficits seen in older adults using digital filters, showing that participants with simulated deficits performed worse than those with normal contrast.
- The findings suggest that sensory deficits significantly impact performance on tasks related to intelligence, emphasizing the importance of analyzing specific components of cognitive function.
Article Abstract
Multiple forms of a symbol-digit substitution task were used to provide a componential analysis of age differences in coding task performance. The results demonstrated age differences in feature encoding, memory, and visual search. A 2nd experiment was conducted with young adults to investigate a sensory deficit as a locus of age differences. The spatial contrast sensitivity deficit of older adults was simulated on forms by applying a digital filter. Persons in the age-simulated contrast condition performed worse than those in the normal contrast condition. The stimulus degradation effect was linked to visual search speed. The study illustrates the utility of componential analysis and offers direct support for the hypothesis that sensory deficits affect performance on tasks used to assess intelligence.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.21.1.7 | DOI Listing |
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