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Microgeographical Variation in Prevalence in Dogs in Suburban and Urban Areas of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
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School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.
Dirofilariosis, a mosquito-borne disease caused by and , affects canids, felids and occasionally humans. Recent evidence suggests that prevalence is rising in the canine populations in several areas of Brazil, even those historically considered to be non-endemic, highlighting the need for ongoing surveillance. However, prevalence studies are frequently based on inference from single diagnostic methods, and it is acknowledged that this may lead to biases and an underestimation of the disease situation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics in Mozambique and Zimbabwe during the first 3 years of the pandemic.
R Soc Open Sci
January 2025
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
The 2019 emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its rapid spread created a public health emergency of international concern. However, the impact of the pandemic in Sub-Saharan Africa, as documented in cases, hospitalizations and deaths, appears far lower than in the Americas, Europe and Asia. Characterization of the transmission dynamics is critical for understanding how SARS-CoV-2 spreads and the true scale of the pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIllusory implications: incidental exposure to ideas can induce beliefs.
R Soc Open Sci
January 2025
Arizona State University, Glendale, AZ, USA.
Numerous psychological findings have shown that incidental exposure to ideas makes those ideas seem more true, a finding commonly referred to as the 'illusory truth' effect. Under many accounts of the illusory truth effect, initial exposure to a statement provides a metacognitive feeling of 'fluency' or familiarity that, upon subsequent exposure, leads people to infer that the statement is more likely to be true. However, genuine beliefs do not only affect truth judgements about individual statements, they also imply other beliefs and drive decision-making.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmpowering African Expertise: Enhancing Safety Data Integration and Signal Detection for COVID-19 Vaccines Through the African Union Smart Safety Surveillance Joint Signal Management Group.
Drug Saf
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Department of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa.
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated new vaccine development. Limited safety data necessitated robust global safety surveillance to accurately identify and promptly communicate potential safety issues. The African Union Smart Safety Surveillance (AU-3S) program established the Joint Signal Management (JSM) group to support identification of potential vaccine safety concerns in five pilot countries (Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa), accounting for approximately 35% of the African population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopmental synchrony and extraordinary multiplication rates in pathogenic organisms.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci
January 2025
Department of Mathematics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
The multiplication rates of pathogenic organisms influence disease progression, efficacy of immunity and therapeutics, and potential for within-host evolution. Thus, accurate estimates of multiplication rates are essential for biological understanding. We recently showed that common methods for inferring multiplication rates from malaria infection data substantially overestimate true values (i.
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