Roles of adipocyte derived hormone adiponectin and resistin in insulin resistance of type 2 diabetes.

Aim: To detect plasma levels of new adipocyte derived hormone adiponectin and resistin in type 2 diabetes patients and to explore their potential roles in insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes.

Methods: According to the body mass index (BMI), 60 type 2 diabetes patients were divided into two groups, one group was non-obese diabetes patients with BMI<25Kg/M(2) (30 cases) and the other group was obese diabetes patients with BMI>25Kg/M(2) (30 cases). There were 28 healthy persons in the control group. ELISA technique was employed to determine the plasma adiponectin and resistin concentrations. The fasting blood glucose, insulin and blood lipid were detected respectively by electrocheminescence immunoassay and immunoturbidimetric assay. Insulin resistance index and insulin sensitive index were calculated by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMO).

Results: The levels of plasma adiponectin were decreased significantly in diabetes group compared to that in control group (non-obese: 8.58+/-0.86, obese: 6.22+/-1.34 vs 10.53+/-1.47 P<0.05); moreover, adiponectin concentration in obese diabetes group was significantly decreased compared to that in non-obese diabetes group (6.22+/-1.34 vs 8.58+/-0.86, P<0.05). The levels of plasma resistin were increased significantly in diabetes group compared to that in control group (obese: 18.64+/-4.65, non-obese: 24.05+/-9.07 vs 14.16+/-5.25, P<0.05, P<0.05); furthermore, the levels of resistin in obese diabetes group were increased significantly compared to that in non-obese diabetes group (P<0.05). Plasma adiponectin was correlated negatively with BMI, blood glucose, insulin resistance index and triglyceride (respectively, r=-0.55, P<0.01; r=-0.51, P<0.05; r=-0.52, P<0.05ûr=-0.39, P<0.05), while it was positively correlated with insulin sensitive index (r=0.45, P<0.05). Conversely, plasma resistin correlated positively with BMI, blood glucose, triglyceride and insulin resistance index (respectively, r=0.40, P<0.05; r=0.52, P<0.05; r=0.46, P<0.01; r=0.27, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with insulin sensitive index (r=-0.32, P<0.05).

Conclusion: Plasma adiponectin and resistin are associated with the disorder of metabolism of glucose and lipid in diabetes. The relationship between these hormone and insulin sensitivity suggests that they may take part in the development of insulin resistance of type 2 diabetes.