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Hippocampal volume, PTSD, and alcoholism in combat veterans. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Studies usually show no link between PTSD and smaller hippocampal volumes when controlling for lifetime alcohol intake, particularly in adolescents.
  • This research examined 99 combat veterans and found that those with PTSD and alcoholism had a 9% smaller hippocampus, while those without alcoholism had only a 3% difference.
  • The study suggests that the relationship between PTSD and hippocampal size may be more pronounced in individuals with alcohol abuse, prompting the need for more research on comorbid conditions affecting PTSD and brain structure.

Article Abstract

Studies imposing rigorous control over lifetime alcohol intake have usually not found smaller hippocampal volumes in persons with posttraumatic stress disorder. Because the majority of negative studies have used adolescent samples, it has been suggested that chronicity is a necessary condition for such findings. To test the hypothesis that a smaller hippocampus in PTSD is unrelated to comorbid alcoholism or to chronicity, this study estimated hippocampal volume in a relatively large group (N=99) of combat veterans in which PTSD, lifetime alcohol abuse/dependence, and Vietnam versus Gulf War service were crossed. In subjects with histories of alcoholism, unadjusted hippocampal volume was 9% smaller in persons with PTSD than in those without PTSD. In nonalcoholic subjects, the PTSD-related difference in hippocampal volume was 3%. The failure to observe a strong association between PTSD and hippocampal volume in nonalcoholic subjects was not ascribable to younger age, reduced PTSD chronicity, or lower PTSD symptom severity. The possibility that smaller hippocampal volume is limited to groups in which PTSD is compounded by comorbid alcoholism is not necessarily incompatible with results suggesting a smaller hippocampus is predispositional to PTSD. Further examination of the role of alcoholism and other comorbid conditions in studies of brain structure and function in PTSD appears warranted.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ajp.2006.163.4.674DOI Listing

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