Minisatellites are tandem repeat loci, with repeat units ranging in size from 5 bp to 100 bp. The total lengths of repeat arrays vary from about 0.5 kb to 30 kb, and excessive variability in allele length at human minisatellite loci is the result of germline-specific complex recombination events generating new length alleles. Minisatellite alleles also mutate to new lengths in somatic cells, but this occurs at a much lower rate than in the germline. Since recombination is involved in minisatellite mutation, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a suitable model organism that has been employed to further dissect the molecular basis of mutation events at human minisatellites. These studies have shown that the mutational behaviour of a minisatellite in meiosis is not determined by the intrinsic properties of the repeat array, but are highly dependent on the position of the minisatellite in the genome. The processes for minisatellite mutation in yeast and humans are identical in the sense that mutation is indeed driven by meiotic recombination, but differ with regard to the types of structural changes that are generated by the recombination events. Tetrad analyses showed that inter-allelic transfers of repeats occur by conversion and not crossing over, and that several chromatids can be involved in successive recombination events in one meiosis, resulting in mutant alleles in several spores. It has been demonstrated that the genes SPO11 and RAD50, involved in the initiation of recombination events, are required for human minisatellite mutation in yeast meiosis. Intrinsic properties of the repeat array appear to determine the stability of human minisatellites in yeast mitosis, since mitotic mutation rates in yeast are highly variable between minisatellites. The repair genes RAD27 and DNA2 stabilise human minisatellites in yeast mitosis, while RAD5 has no effect on mitotic stability. MSH2 depresses human minisatellite frequency in meiotic cells of yeast.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2006.01.010 | DOI Listing |
BMC Res Notes
January 2025
Center for Applied Molecular Technologies (CTMA), Institute of Clinical and Experimental Research (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium.
Objective: Multiple-Locus Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (VNTR) Analysis (MLVA) is widely used to subtype pathogens causing foodborne and waterborne disease outbreaks. The MLVAType shiny application was previously designed to extract MLVA profiles of Vibrio cholerae isolates from whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data, and provide backward compatibility with traditional MLVA typing methods. The previous development and validation work was conducted using short (pair-end 300 and 150 nt long) reads from Illumina MiSeq and Hiseq sequencing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Microbiol
January 2025
National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China.
Human brucellosis is a re-emerging disease in Sichuan Province, China. In this study, bacteriology, conventional bio-typing, multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), and multiple locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) were applied to preliminarily characterize the strains in terms of genetic diversity and epidemiological links. A total of 101 Brucella strains were isolated from 16 cities (autonomous prefectures) from 2014 to 2021, and all of the strains were identified as Brucella melitensis bv.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Microbiol
January 2025
Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI), Karaj, Iran.
Brucellosis, a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella spp. globally, is of great significance not only to livestock but also to public health. The most significant of the twelve species is Brucella melitensis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Genom
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. Electronic address:
Nucleic Acids Res
December 2024
Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 761001, Israel.
We developed Del-read, an algorithm targeting medium-sized deletions (6-100 bp) in short-reads, which are challenging for current variant callers relying on alignment. Our focus was on Micro-Homolog mediated End Joining deletions (MMEJ-dels), prevalent in myeloid malignancies. MMEJ-dels follow a distinct pattern, occurring between two homologies, allowing us to generate a comprehensive list of MMEJ-dels in the exome.
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