Red light running causes about 260,000 crashes and 750 fatalities each year in the US (Retting, Ulmer, & Williams, 1999, Accident Analysis & Prevention). This study investigated the effects of photo enforcement cameras on reducing red light running and characterized the typical red light runner throughout photo enforcement program implementation. In Southeast Virginia, eight intersections were observed over an 8-month period during which photo enforcement cameras were installed at three sites. To assess spillover effects, three other sites served in a same city comparison group. Two additional sites from a nearby city served in a control group for city. Over 1750 light cycles were observed with red light running occurring at least once during 13% of these cycles. Predictors of red light runners included being at a site without a camera or at an intersection before deployment of cameras, being under the age of 26, being in the non-camera city, not using a safety belt, and driving in more traffic. While overall red light running decreased at camera sites, characteristics of the typical red light runner remained the same at camera and non-camera locations.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2006.02.011 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Biochemical evidence for the diversity of LHCI proteins in PSI-LHCI from the red alga Galdieria sulphuraria NIES-3638.
Photosynth Res
January 2025
Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
Red algae are photosynthetic eukaryotes whose light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) associate with photosystem I (PSI). In this study, we examined characteristics of PSI-LHCI, PSI, and LHCI isolated from the red alga Galdieria sulphuraria NIES-3638. The PSI-LHCI supercomplexes were purified using anion-exchange chromatography followed by hydrophobic-interaction chromatography, and finally by trehalose density gradient centrifugation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA photodetector for red and green with balanced negative and positive photocurrent for imaging is realized.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
A dual-polarity, photovoltaic photodetector for red-green dual-wavelength detection is demonstrated, operating in the self-powered mode. It is based on a core-shell n-InGaN nanowire/p-CuO heterostructure with inner upward energy band bending and near surface downward energy band bending. This produces negative photocurrent for red light illumination and positive photocurrent for green light illumination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Spiropyran-Based Hydrogel Composite for Wearable Detectors to Monitor Visible Light Intensity to Prevent Myopia.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 928 Second Avenue, 310018 Hangzhou, China.
A wearable detector to monitor visible light intensity is realized by the restrained photochromism of a hydrogel composite containing light-responsive spiropyran with hydroxyl groups (SPOH). When exposed to visible light, the SPOH experiences a ring-opening to a ring-closed transition accompanied by discoloration from red to yellow. Unlike in the solution, the photochromism/discoloration rate is strongly correlated to the cross-linking points.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCyano-Modified Multi-Resonance Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Emitters towards Pure-Green OLEDs with a CIE y Value of 0.74.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Shenzhen University, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xueyuan Avenue, 518000, Shenzhen, CHINA.
The development of pure-green organic emitters with ideal emission peak and ultra-narrow full-widths at half-maximum (FWHMs) remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we report two new green emitters, CNBN and MCNBN, which achieve extremely narrow FWHMs by synergistic rigid π-extension and cyano-substitution for sky-blue multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) core. The introduction of cyano groups induces red-shifts of emission to green region and dramatically minimize the FWHMs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew generation low level laser effect on masseter muscle oxygenation, bite force and algometric changes in myofacial pain syndrome: a randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Lasers Med Sci
January 2025
University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of different types of low level laser treatment (LLLT) in reducing pain levels, changing oxygen saturation and bite force in patients with myofacial pain syndrome (MPS). 45 patients were randomly assigned to three groups: Group 1 (GRR laser, n = 15) received LLLT with Gallium-Aluminium-Arsenide (GaAlAs) diode laser with a wavelength of 904 nm and red laser with a wavelength of 650 nm over masseter muscle region. Group 2 (Nd: YAG laser, n = 15) were treated with Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm and the same protocol with Nd: YAG laser was performed in the Group 3 (placebo, n = 15) using sham device.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!