HPCE methodology was modified to be used in kinetic experiments on photooxidation reactions of papaverine hydrochloride 1 and its oxidation products (papaverinol 2 and papaveraldine hydrochloride 3) chloroform solutions exposed to UV254 light in aerobic conditions. On photooxygenation of the above compounds is formed the final degradation product, a brown compound X 4, 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-12-oxo-12H-indolo[2,1-a]isoquinolinylim chloride. The rate of 4 formation from the above compounds can be given as 2>3>1>1 HCl. The photooxidation reactions of 1 and 2 proceed with pseudo first-order kinetics and that reaction for 3 follows zero-order kinetics. The most labile compound is 2 whose half-life time is 2.4 times shorter than that one of 1 HCL. The most stable product is 3 whose half-life time is 31-fold longer than of 2. The specific quantum yields are equal 0.28, 0.30 and 0.10 for 1 HCl, 2 and 3, respectively which confirm the above stability pattern of the compounds concerned.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2006.02.036 | DOI Listing |
Front Psychiatry
December 2024
Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran.
Introduction: Glutathione S-transferase (GST) has the ability to detoxify the cellular environment of xenobiotic compounds and by-products of oxidative stress. The expression levels of GST genes and their polymorphisms are associated with various human diseases. Methamphetamine and opiate addiction also account for a significant proportion of SUDs in Iran.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun
October 2024
Two different multi-component crystals consisting of papaverine [1-(3,4-di-meth-oxy-benz-yl)-6,7-di-meth-oxy-iso-quinoline, CHNO] and fumaric acid [CHO] were obtained. Single-crystal X-ray structure analysis revealed that one, CHNO·1.5CHO (I), is a salt co-crystal composed of salt-forming and non-salt-forming mol-ecules, and the other, CHNO·0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIran J Med Sci
November 2024
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Background: Acute renal colic has been challenging and has brought many concerns for physicians and patients for centuries. This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic effect and safety of a combination of papaverine and ketorolac against ketorolac and placebo in treating acute renal colic.
Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed in patients with renal colic from May 2018 to May 2020 in Ahvaz, Iran.
Medicine (Baltimore)
October 2024
Department of Critical Care Medicine, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing City, Anhui Provinces, China.
Rationale: Symmetrical peripheral gangrene (SPG) is a serious and rare complication in patients with urosepsis, characterized by distal limb symmetry impairment.
Patient Concerns: In this study, 3 cases of SPG caused by urosepsis were reported, and the Chinese and English literature on SPG caused by urosepsis was reviewed. The demographic, clinicopathological, treatment, and follow-up data of the patients were summarized and analyzed.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord
October 2024
NE Wyoming Wound Care Clinic, Sheridan, WY, USA.
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