Microcin C is a ribosome-synthesized heptapeptide that contains a modified adenosine monophosphate covalently attached to the C-terminal aspartate. Microcin C is a potent inhibitor of bacterial cell growth. Based on the in vivo kinetics of inhibition of macromolecular synthesis, Microcin C targets translation, through a mechanism that remained undefined. Here, we show that Microcin C is a subject of specific degradation inside the sensitive cell. The product of degradation, a modified aspartyl-adenylate containing an N-acylphosphoramidate linkage, strongly inhibits translation by blocking the function of aspartyl-tRNA synthetase.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M513174200 | DOI Listing |
Plant Cell Environ
December 2024
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for the Development Biology and Environmental Adaptation of Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
Photorespiration is a complex metabolic process linked to primary plant metabolism and influenced by environmental factors, yet its regulation remains poorly understood. In this study, we identified the asprs3-1 mutant, which displays a photorespiratory phenotype with leaf chlorosis, stunted growth, and diminished photosynthesis under ambient CO, but normal growth under elevated CO conditions. Map-based cloning and genetic complementation identified AspRS3 as the mutant gene, encoding an aspartyl-tRNA synthetase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Mol Biol
December 2024
School of Life Science and Biotechnology, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are responsible for the ligation of amino acids to their cognate tRNAs. In human, nine ARSs form a multi-tRNA synthetase complex (MSC) with three ARS-interacting multifunctional proteins (AIMPs). Among the components of MSC, arginyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (RARS1) and two AIMPs (AIMP1 and AIMP2) have leucine zipper (LZ) motifs, which they utilize for their assembly in an MSC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransl Lung Cancer Res
October 2024
Center of Laboratory Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, China.
Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 85% of lung cancers, and is the leading cause of tumor-related death. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most prevalent subtype of NSCLC. Although significant progress of LUAD treatment has been made under multimodal strategies, the prognosis of advanced LUAD is still poor due to recurrence and metastasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Physiol
December 2024
National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan 430070, China.
Upon infection with nonpathogenic microorganisms or treatment with natural or synthetic compounds, plants exhibit a more rapid and potent response to both biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the molecular mechanisms behind this phenomenon, known as defense priming, are poorly understood. β-minobutyric acid (BABA) is an endogenous stress metabolite that enhances plant tolerance to various abiotic stresses and primes plant defense responses, providing the ability to resist a variety of pathogens (broad-spectrum resistance).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
July 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
The severity of bacterial pneumonia can be worsened by impaired innate immunity resulting in ineffective pathogen clearance. We describe a mitochondrial protein, aspartyl-tRNA synthetase (DARS2), which is released in circulation during bacterial pneumonia in humans and displays intrinsic innate immune properties and cellular repair properties. DARS2 interacts with a bacterial-induced ubiquitin E3 ligase subunit, FBXO24, which targets the synthetase for ubiquitylation and degradation, a process that is inhibited by DARS2 acetylation.
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