Nicotine is a very widely used drug of abuse, which has many neurovegetative behavioural and psychological effects by interacting with neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Cholinergic receptors can be divided into two types, muscarinic and nicotinic, based on the pharmacological action of various agonists and antagonists. This review summarises the major recent findings of nicotine effects in order to show the use of this drug in the neurophysiological research and namely as a potential tool for the treatment of some brain disorders.
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J Ovarian Res
January 2025
Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, 19F, No. 8, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Background: The homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) test is an important tool for identifying patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) benefit from the treatment with poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi). Using whole exome sequencing (WES)-based platform can provide information of gene mutations and HRD score; however, the clinical value of WES-based HRD test was less validated in EOC.
Methods: We enrolled 40 patients with EOC in the training cohort and 23 in the validation cohort.
Orphanet J Rare Dis
January 2025
Institute of Human Genetics, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
Background: Cardiac rhabdomyoma (RHM) is considered one of the most frequent benign heart tumors in children. However, encounters with cardiac RHM in clinical practice remain rare. Clinical information is primarily available in the form of single case reports or smaller studies with a shortage of large-scale reviews encompassing a substantial number of cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioData Min
January 2025
Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, The State University of New York, Korea, Incheon, South Korea.
Background: The treatment effects are heterogenous across patients due to the differences in their microbiomes, which in turn implies that we can enhance the treatment effect by manipulating the patient's microbiome profile. Then, the coadministration of microbiome-based dietary supplements/therapeutics along with the primary treatment has been the subject of intensive investigation. However, for this, we first need to comprehend which microbes help (or prevent) the treatment to cure the patient's disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Transl Med
January 2025
Aerospace Medical Center, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China.
Heart-on-a-chip (HoC) devices have emerged as a powerful tool for studying the human heart's intricate functions and dysfunctions in vitro. Traditional preclinical models, such as 2D cell cultures model and animal model, have limitations in accurately predicting human response to cardiovascular diseases and treatments. The HoC approach addresses these shortcomings by recapitulating the microscale anatomy, physiology, and biomechanics of the heart, thereby providing a more clinically relevant platform for drug testing, disease modeling, and personalized therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Geriatr
January 2025
Department of Comprehensive Surgery, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
Background: The FRAIL scale is a concise and user-friendly tool for frailty assessment. However, its effectiveness in predicting 1-year mortality among older patients undergoing hip fracture surgery remains unclear. This study explored the relationship between preoperative frailty, as measured by the FRAIL scale, and 1-year mortality after surgery in this population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!