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The fungal microbiota modulate neonatal oxygen-induced lung injury.

Microbiome

January 2025

Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Heersink School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Background: The immature lungs of very preterm infants are exposed to supraphysiologic oxygen, contributing to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease that is the most common morbidity of prematurity. While the microbiota significantly influences neonatal health, the relationship between the intestinal microbiome, particularly micro-eukaryotic members such as fungi and yeast, and lung injury severity in newborns remains unknown.

Results: Here, we show that the fungal microbiota modulates hyperoxia-induced lung injury severity in very low birth weight premature infants and preclinical pseudohumanized and altered fungal colonization mouse models.

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a model eukaryotic organism with a rich history in research and industry, has become a pivotal tool for studying Adenosine Deaminase Acting on RNA (ADAR) enzymes despite lacking these enzymes endogenously. This chapter reviews the diverse methodologies harnessed using yeast to elucidate ADAR structure and function, emphasizing its role in advancing our understanding of RNA editing. Initially, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was instrumental in the high-yield purification of ADARs, addressing challenges associated with enzyme stability and activity in other systems.

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Gut mycobiome and neuropsychiatric disorders: insights and therapeutic potential.

Front Cell Neurosci

January 2025

Reserach Unit "Drosophila"UR22ES03, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.

Background: The human gut mycobiome, a minor but integral component of the gut microbiome, has emerged as a significant player in host homeostasis and disease development. While bacteria have traditionally been the focus of gut microbiome studies, recent evidence suggests that fungal communities (mycobiota) may also play a crucial role in modulating health, particularly in neuropsychiatric disorders.

Objective: This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current knowledge on the relationship between the gut mycobiome and neuropsychiatric disorders, exploring the potential of targeting fungal communities as a novel therapeutic strategy.

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Background: To evaluate the efficacy of different probiotic species in the treatment of Allergic rhinitis (AR), we used network meta-analysis (NMA), which provides a foundation for evidence-based therapeutic selection.

Methods: Nine databases were searched from their inception until April 30, 2024. Stata 17.

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