Cytokines are low molecular weight proteins whose production can be modified by various insults. They have the potential to modify cellular responses to these insults. Recent years have seen a plethora of research in cytokine biology in trauma and critical care.
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Evaluation of a Multivalent Transcriptomic Metric for Diagnosing Surgical Sepsis and Estimating Mortality Among Critically Ill Patients.
JAMA Netw Open
July 2022
Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville.
Importance: Rapid and accurate discrimination of sepsis and its potential severity currently require multiple assays with slow processing times that are often inconclusive in discerning sepsis from sterile inflammation.
Objective: To analyze a whole-blood, multivalent, host-messenger RNA expression metric for estimating the likelihood of bacterial infection and 30-day mortality and compare performance of the metric with that of other diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and clinical parameters.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective diagnostic and prognostic study was performed in the surgical intensive care unit (ICU) of a single, academic health science center.
Time-Controlled Adaptive Ventilation Versus Volume-Controlled Ventilation in Experimental Pneumonia.
Crit Care Med
January 2021
Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Objectives: We hypothesized that a time-controlled adaptive ventilation strategy would open and stabilize alveoli by controlling inspiratory and expiratory duration. Time-controlled adaptive ventilation was compared with volume-controlled ventilation at the same levels of mean airway pressure and positive end-release pressure (time-controlled adaptive ventilation)/positive end-expiratory pressure (volume-controlled ventilation) in a Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced pneumonia model.
Design: Animal study.
Scald Injury-Induced T Cell Dysfunction Can Be Mitigated by Gr1 Cell Depletion and Blockage of CD47/CD172a Signaling.
Front Immunol
May 2021
Division of Research, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
Infection is a common and severe complication of burn injury: Sepsis accounts for 47% of postburn mortality. Burn-induced T cell suppression likely contributes to the increased infection susceptibility in burn patients. However, little is known about the kinetics of T cell dysfunction after burn and its underlying mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of tranexamic acid on coagulation and inflammation in murine models of traumatic brain injury and hemorrhage.
J Surg Res
July 2017
Division of Trauma/Critical Care, Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio. Electronic address:
Background: Posttraumatic coagulopathy and inflammation can exacerbate secondary cerebral damage after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been shown clinically to reduce mortality in hemorrhaging and head-injured trauma patients and has the potential to mitigate secondary brain injury with its reported antifibrinolytic and antiinflammatory properties. We hypothesized that TXA would improve posttraumatic coagulation and inflammation in a murine model of TBI alone and in a combined injury model of TBI and hemorrhage (TBI/H).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBurn Serum Stimulates Myoblast Cell Death Associated with IL-6-Induced Mitochondrial Fragmentation.
Shock
August 2017
Division of Burn/Trauma/Critical Care, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
Background: Burn patients suffer muscle mass loss associated with hyperinflammation and hypercatabolism. The mitochondria are affected by this metabolic alteration. Mitochondrial fission activates a caspase cascade that ultimately leads to cell death.
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