The analysis of the role of physicians in general rural dispensaries give similar results to that of general dispensaries. There is shortage with respect to the recognition of needs and quality of care of alcohol abusing patients among primary health care physicians. However, the physicians in general rural dispensaries choose cooperation with alcohol abusing patients treating organizational units as specialistic ones. The physicians in the primary health care show very little care about alcohol abusing patients not organizing therapy, not coordinating prophylaxis and not solving problems connected with alcohol abuse. They do not participate in works of local clubs and associations promoting the effects of therapies. The importance of abstainer groups is emphasized. In the suggested model the physician plays an important role as a participant and coordinator of abstainer clubs and associations.
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Background: In the United States, complete abstinence persists as the standard for demonstrating recovery success from substance use disorders (SUDs), apart from alcohol use disorder (AUD). Although the FDA has recently indicated openness for non-abstinence outcomes as treatment targets, the traditional benchmark of complete abstinence for new medications to treat SUDs remains a hurdle and overshadows other non-abstinent outcomes desired by people with SUDs (e.g.
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January 2025
Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address:
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a multifactorial disease closely related to neurodevelopment and environmental factors that influence behavior. This study explored the relationships between brain volume and behavior from an Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) based on the Research Domain Criteria. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired from recent patients with AUD (n = 50) and healthy controls (HC=50).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Alcohol Depend
January 2025
RAND, Boston, MA, United States. Electronic address:
Importance: States have implemented multiple policies likely to influence opioid prescribing; few national general population studies examine those policies' effects on per-capita opioid morphine milligram equivalents (MME) dispensed.
Objective: To examine state policies' effects on opioids per-capita MMEs dispensed at retail pharmacies.
Design: A longitudinal study of associations between MME per capita and implementation of policy interventions at different times across states.
J Urban Health
January 2025
Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
From 2014 to 2017, the drug overdose death rate per 100,000 in New York City (NYC) increased by 81%, with 57% of overdoses in 2017 involving the opioid fentanyl. In response, overdose education and naloxone dispensing (OEND) efforts were expanded in NYC, informed by neighborhood-level and population-level opioid overdose fatality rates. We describe the demographic and geographical distribution of naloxone by NYC opioid overdose prevention programs (OOPPs; the primary distributor of naloxone to laypersons in NYC) as OEND was expanded in NYC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Burn Care Res
January 2025
Department of Surgery, Microbiology and Immunology, Physiology, and Alcohol and Drug Abuse Center of Excellence, LSUHSC.
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have an important role in the modulation of burned tissue repair through the release of paracrine factors that stimulate the wound healing response. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that smoking status alters the profile of paracrine factors secreted from ADSCs isolated from damaged adipose tissue. Adipose tissue was collected from adult patients (N=8) with severe burn injuries (>20% total body surface area) at the index operation.
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