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Multi-omics reveals the mechanism of Trimethylamine N-oxide derived from gut microbiota inducing liver fatty of dairy cows.
BMC Genomics
January 2025
College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
Background: Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a metabolite produced by gut microbiota, and its potential impact on lipid metabolism in mammals has garnered widespread attention in the scientific community. Bovine fatty liver disease, a metabolic disorder that severely affects the health and productivity of dairy cows, poses a significant economic burden on the global dairy industry. However, the specific role and pathogenesis of TMAO in bovine fatty liver disease remain unclear, limiting our understanding and treatment of the condition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn vitro and in silico analyses of amino acid substitution effects at the conserved N-linked glycosylation site in hepatitis B virus surface protein on antigenicity, immunogenicity, HBV replication and secretion.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
The "a" determinant, a highly conformational region within the hepatitis B virus large surface protein (LHBs), is crucial for antibody neutralization and diagnostic assays. Mutations in this area can lead to conformational changes, resulting in vaccination failure, diagnostic evasion, and disease progression. The "a" determinant of LHBs contains a conserved N-linked glycosylation site at N320, but the mechanisms of glycosylation in LHBs remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of Three Viral Capsid Integrity qPCR Methods for Wastewater-Based Viral Surveillance.
Food Environ Virol
January 2025
School of Environmental and Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, UK.
Capsid Integrity qPCR (CI-qPCR) assays offer a promising alternative to cell culture-based infectivity assays for assessing pathogenic human virus viability in wastewater. This study compared three CI-qPCR methods: two novel (Crosslinker, TruTiter) and one established (PMAxx dye). These methods were evaluated on heat-inactivated and non-heat-inactivated 'live' viruses spiked into phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and wastewater, as well as on viruses naturally present in wastewater samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessing Non-Oral PrEP Alternatives Among Young Black Women in the Southern USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities
January 2025
Division of HIV Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop US8-4, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA.
Young Black women in the southern US face a high HIV burden. While daily oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can effectively prevent HIV, its use is low among Black women. The acceptability of and perceived intention to use emerging PrEP products among young Black women in the southern US are not well understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Updates in General Management and Frequent Complications Following Adult Liver Transplant].
Rev Med Chil
June 2024
Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Liver transplantation (LT) is a cost-effective therapy for advanced liver disease. Although LT significantly improves long-term survival, it requires strict control of immunosuppressants and their potential complications. Several available immunosuppressive drugs include glucocorticoids, calcineurin inhibitors, mycophenolate, mTOR inhibitors, and anti-CD25 antibodies.
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