A set of chemical reactions is proposed to account for the formation of thiamin derivatives from gaseous reactants that have been identified in the interstellar medium, and may have been relevant to a prebiotic atmosphere. The gaseous mixture consisted of methanimine, acetonitrile, cyanoacetylene, ammonia, acetylene, allylene, hydrogen sulfide, thioformaldehyde, and hydrogen in the presence of water. Most of the reactions appear to be exothermic. The reactions have been shown to be feasible from the overall enthalpy changes in the ZKE approximation at the HF and MP2/6-31G(*) level.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpc.2005.12.018 | DOI Listing |
Nanoscale
January 2025
Chemical Engineering Program, Department of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan.
Highly ordered porous structured particles comprising three-way catalyst (TWC) nanoparticles have attracted attention because of their remarkable catalytic performance. However, the conditions for controlling their pore arrangement to form interconnected pore structures remain unclear. In particular, the correlation between framework thickness (distance between pores) or macroporosity and the diffusion of gaseous reactants to achieve a high catalytic performance has not been extensively discussed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Sci Instrum
January 2025
Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Straße 1, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
A novel multi-molecular beam/infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS) apparatus is described, which was constructed for studying mechanisms and kinetics of heterogeneously catalyzed reactions following a rigorous surface science approach in the pressure range from ultrahigh vacuum (UHV, 1 × 10-10 mbar) to near-ambient pressure (NAP, 1000 mbar) conditions. The apparatus comprises a preparation chamber equipped with standard surface science tools required for the preparation and characterization of model heterogeneous catalysts and two reaction chambers operating at different pressure ranges: in UHV and in the variable pressure range up to NAP conditions. The UHV reaction chamber contains two effusive molecular beams (flux up to 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcc Chem Res
January 2025
Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.
ConspectusReactions of gas phase molecules with surfaces play key roles in atmospheric and environmental chemistry. Reactive uptake coefficients (γ), the fraction of gas-surface collisions that yield a reaction, are used to quantify the kinetics in these heterogeneous and multiphase systems. Unlike rate coefficients for homogeneous gas- or liquid-phase reactions, uptake coefficients are system- and observation-dependent quantities that depend upon a multitude of underlying elementary steps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Catalysis & Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, China.
The photocatalytic oxidation of water with gaseous oxygen is environmentally benign for the synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (HO), but it is currently constrained by the inadequate supply of gaseous oxygen at the catalyst surface in a solid-liquid-gas triple-phase reaction system. Herein, we address this challenge by employing the zeolite encapsulated catalysts that efficiently enrich gaseous oxygen and accelerate the HO synthesis in aqueous conditions. We focus on the classical titania photocatalyst, encapsulating it within siliceous MFI zeolite crystals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Colloid Interface Sci
December 2024
Future Industries Institute, UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, SA 5095, Australia. Electronic address:
Introducing stable gas bubbles in liquid is important for the industrial synthesis of chemicals and intermediates via multiphase reactions because of limited solubility of gaseous reactants such as H and O. Herein, a bubble-stabilized system is constructed via in-situ nucleation of bubbles at the surfaces of various polymer nanofibers that circumvents the repulsive interactions between gas-liquid interfaces and nanofibers. During bubble growth processes, nanofibers are self-assembled and interwoven to build spatial nanofiber network surrounding bubbles, firmly trapping bubbles in the liquid phase.
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