The review presents a definition of loci controlling quantitative traits (quantitative trait loci, QTLs) and localization of all currently known QTLs responsible for milk production traits in dairy cattle. The QTL number and chromosome localization are verified, with special reference to chromosomes 1, 3, 6, 14, 20, and 23. In a number of cases, close location of QTLs for mastitis and for milk production traits was found. Some aspects of QTL pleiotropy and epistasis are discussed and mapping methods of major QTLs are listed.
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