This paper replicates the drug development cost estimates of Joseph DiMasi and colleagues ("The Price of Innovation"), using their published cost estimates along with information on success rates and durations from a publicly available data set. For drugs entering human clinical trials for the first time between 1989 and 2002, the paper estimated the cost per new drug to be 868 million dollars. However, our estimates vary from around 500 million dollars to more than 2,000 million dollars, depending on the therapy or the developing firm.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.25.2.420 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Impact of discontinuation of cephazolin prophylaxis on the incidence of postoperative adverse events in cataract surgery.
J Pharm Health Care Sci
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University Hospital, 1-1-1, Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto city, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
Background: Cataract surgeries are increasing annually, making appropriate medical management essential. The routine use of systemic antimicrobial agents for preventing surgical site infections lacks strong evidence and may increase the risk of drug-resistant bacteria and adverse events. This study examined the impact of discontinuing cefazolin (CEZ) administration during the perioperative period of cataract surgery on the incidence of postoperative adverse events and medical costs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnanchored simulated treatment comparison on survival outcomes using parametric and Royston-Parmar models with application to lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab in renal cell carcinoma.
BMC Med Res Methodol
January 2025
Clifton Insight, Bristol, UK.
Background: Population-adjusted indirect comparison using parametric Simulated Treatment Comparison (STC) has had limited application to survival outcomes in unanchored settings. Matching-Adjusted Indirect Comparison (MAIC) is commonly used but does not account for violation of proportional hazards or enable extrapolations of survival. We developed and applied a novel methodology for STC in unanchored settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdvancing ex vivo functional whole-organ prostate gland model for regeneration and drug screening.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Research Lab, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science & Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
Model organisms are vital for biomedical research and drug testing but face high costs, complexity, and ethical issues. While newer techniques like organoids and assembloids have shown improvements, they still remain inadequate in addressing all research needs. In this study, we present a new method for maintaining the prostate gland of the earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae ex vivo and examine its potential for regeneration and drug screening.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiffusion Smart-seq3 of breast cancer spheroids to explore spatial tumor biology and test evolutionary principles of tumor heterogeneity.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Combining 3D cultures such as tumor spheroids and organoids with spatial omics holds great potential for tissue biology and cancer research. Yet, this potential is presently limited by technical and financial challenges of spatial omics methods and 3D cultures. To address this, we combine dye diffusion, the Smart-seq3xpress protocol for deep single-cell gene expression profiling, and dedicated probabilistic inference methods into diffusion Smart-seq3 (Smart-seq3D), to reveal the transcriptome of single cells along with their position along the core-periphery axis of spheroids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn mTOR inhibitor discovery system using drug-sensitized yeast.
Geroscience
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, OR, 97355, USA.
Inhibition of the target of rapamycin (TOR/mTOR) protein kinase by the drug rapamycin extends lifespan and health span across diverse species. However, rapamycin has potential off-target and side effects that warrant the discovery of additional TOR inhibitors. TOR was initially discovered in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) which contains two TOR paralogs, TOR1 and TOR2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!