We conducted a study on 140 patients who sought advice at hospital after a non-occupational exposure. The full 28-day course of prophylactic antiretroviral therapy was completed by 109 patients. No HIV contamination was observed. Factors associated with suboptimal adherence were African ethnicity [odds ratio (OR) 13.3, 2.02-87.54] and oral sexual intercourse (OR 8.35, 1.66-41.99). Compliance with prophylactic antiretroviral therapy can be increased by addressing social and psychological barriers to adherence.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aids.0000199832.10478.83 | DOI Listing |
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Emerging role of natural killer cells in non-AIDS comorbidities during suppressive antiretroviral therapy.
Curr Opin HIV AIDS
December 2024
Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
Purpose Of Review: Despite decades of insights about the role of natural killer (NK) cells in HIV infection, their persistent dysregulation despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) and its pathological consequences have been incompletely delineated. In this review, we highlight recent findings on the immunophenotypic and functional alterations of NK cells during virally suppressed HIV infection and explore their potential impact on promoting non-AIDS related comorbidities among people living with HIV (PLWH).
Recent Findings: Of note are the apparent persistent activated profiles of NK cells and pathophysiological events such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in potentially driving NK cell derived inflammation and tissue destruction.
Preferences for and acceptability of long-acting HIV prevention products among pregnant and lactating women accessing health services in Kenya: a mixed method cross-sectional analysis.
BMC Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Background: Increased risk of HIV acquisition during pregnancy and lactation among women is evident, necessitating their inclusion in the evaluation of new HIV prevention interventions. Pregnant and postpartum women specifically face challenges with oral PrEP associated with stigma, and the burden of using other tablets. Long-acting products may address challenges related to oral PrEP, however, there is limited data on product-specific preferences and acceptability among pregnant and lactating women.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnalyzing HIV/AIDS dynamics with a novel Caputo-Fabrizio fractional order model and optimal control measures.
PLoS One
December 2024
Tandy School of Computer Science, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, United States of America.
In this manuscript, we present a novel mathematical model for understanding the dynamics of HIV/AIDS and analyzing optimal control strategies. To capture the disease dynamics, we propose a new Caputo-Fabrizio fractional-order mathematical model denoted as SEIEUPIATR, where the exposed class is subdivided into two categories: exposed-identified EI and exposed-unidentified EU individuals. Exposed-identified individuals become aware of the disease within three days, while exposed-unidentified individuals remain unaware for more than three days.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBone density changes in young women in Uganda using tenofovir-based HIV preexposure prophylaxis and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate contraception.
AIDS
February 2025
Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Background: Injectable depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is the most common contraceptive choice among young women in Uganda, where HIV burden is high and HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) may be offered. For young women who choose to use both agents concurrently, it is unknown whether they will experience declines in bone mineral density (BMD) beyond those elicited by either product singly.
Methods: From 2018 to 2022, we conducted a 2-year prospective study with women ages 16-25 years in Kampala, Uganda desiring pregnancy and HIV prevention.
Competing risks multi-state model for time-to-event data analysis of HIV/AIDS: a retrospective cohort national datasets, Ethiopia.
BMC Infect Dis
December 2024
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains the most common opportunistic infection and leading cause of death among individuals living with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia. Its significant impact on morbidity and mortality underscores the crucial link between these two diseases. While the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has led to a dramatic decline in mortality rates among HIV/AIDS patients, TB continues to pose a substantial threat.
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